The day of the Smolensk icon of the Mother of God is marked by Orthodox believers in honor of the respect of the eponymous religious shrine. In Kiev Rus, the miraculous icon of the Virgin Mary, called "Odigitria-Smolensk" people knew from very long time. Many people helped healed from diseases and perform different desires. As an amazing icon appeared, the history of the wonders associated with her, what helps, as well as to celebrate the day of the Smolensk Icon of the Virgin and what number it will be in 2021 - about it you will learn from the following material.
What is the day of the Smolensk icon of the Mother of God?
Celebrate the holiday annually August 10 (on a new style) or July 28 (old style).
Historical information
The Smolensk Icon of God's Mother has the history of the emergence is quite earthly. According to legends, the Holy Image was written by Evangelist Luke, who created several Icons of the Virgin Mary, one of them, and became famous. Allegedly, the initial location of the image was the city of Jerusalem, from which she moved to Constantinople a little later. The changes affected the very name of the face - the initial version was "Odigitria", the second - "guide" and only then the modern name appeared.
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According to the first version, it is believed that this happened when Holy Maria is two people deprived of view in the city of Constantinople and punishes them to go to their temple. When they perform the orders of the Virgin, they are instantly twisted. The second version states that the name "Odigeria-Smolenskaya" appeared due to the fact that the Lick accompanied the governors of Byzantium during their combat trips.
But this is not all limited - other theories associated with the origin of the face name are known. For example, this: in 1046, with the help of the icon of the Virgin, the daughter of the Byzantine ruler Konstantin Monomach Anna was blessed with the Icon of the Vizantine Ruler. She was issued for Vsevolod Yaroslavich - Chernigov Prince and since then the Lik Odiitria was revered as a generic image of Russian princes.
In the 12th century, Vladimir Monomakh - the son of Anna and Vsevolod, transports a family relic to Smolensk. There, the icon was placed in the Cathedral Temple of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, this event occurred in May 1101. Then the shrine and begin to refer to Smolensk - from the name of its location.
And in 1239 the miraculous image of the image appears. This event occurs during the attack on the Kiev Rus of the Tatar-Mongolian Iga, led Khan Bati. When the Horde comes to Smolensk, intending to take the city, the residents are terrified in horror. Prayers of the Holy Virgin Mary, turning to the icon of odigitria-Smolenskaya. And the Mother of God heard their requests - descended from heaven and forced the Tatar-Mongols to run with disgrace, and without entering the city.
According to the information preserved to us, with great respect and respect referred to the Smolensk Famine of the Virgin Rev. Sergius Radonezh. In his cell he had a list with this shrine. The image for the first time changes its geographical location in the 14th century, when it is transported to Moscow. There are no accurate information about who gave such a disposal - here again the opinion is divided into a couple of versions.
The first claims that in 1404 the last ruler of Smolensk expelled from the city of Lithuanian Prince Vitovt, so had to flee to Moscow, he took the miraculous icon with him. In the capital, the image was placed in the Kremlin Temple of Annunciation (the Annunciation Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin).
True, in Moscow, Odihythriya-Smolenskaya for a long time delayed - the century later, in the 15th century, people ask Prince Vasily Dark return the shrine on her historic homeland - that is, Smolensk. To fulfill this mission in 1456, a bishop of Smolensk arrives in Moscow, which receives the princely permission to move the icon.
It is impossible not to mention another interesting point here: when the icon was taken away from Muscovy, the godfather accompanied it for another two miles. In 1524, in memory of the return of Smolensk-Odigitria in place, where Muscovites finally said goodbye to the Smiths, the women's monastery monastery was founded. They called it the "Novodevichy Monastery" and placed a copy made from the miraculous face of Odigitria-Smolenskaya, and still established a celebration of a holiday in honor of the icon and make a gym. According to some information, a smolensky image was able to visit the capital of Russia once again - in 1666, the icon was brought to Moscow by Archbishop Smolensk Warmsonophone. But this time the purpose of the visit was to update the extinct image.
The further history of movements of the icon concerns the 19th century. So in 1812, when the Patriotic War is going, the Lick exports Bishop Irina Falkovsky from Smolensk and sends to Moscow. The shrine is placed in the church of St. Vasily Neokezarovsky (Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street), and subsequently transferred to the Assumption Kremlin Cathedral.
I have reached this day, telling that at the date of the Borodino battle (August 26 or September 7, by different styles), the Lord of Augustine, together with the bishops from Georgia, Pafnuchi and Ion Smolensky, the image of the Mother of God, was carried away around China, the city, the White Town and the Kremlin .
After the defeat and expulsion of the Napoleon Army from the territory of Russia, the image is returned to the city of Smolensk. There he is until the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Since 1941, history loses tracks of an old relic. Smolensk icon of the Mother of God disappeared and her today's location is unknown (if, of course, the image is generally preserved to the present day). Most likely, it is similar to many Christian shrines, the Germans were taken to Germany.
Many shrines exported from Russia were unconsided in the fly, and some were in private collections. In any case, the memories of the Smolensky Face of the Virgin, his amazing miracles will forever remain in memory. In addition, there are many lists of this image, which will be talked about more.
Lists of image "Smolensko-Odihythria"
Back in pre-war years, all over Russia began to make lists from the miraculous shrine. According to eyewitness, some copies are also able to make miracles, influence the life of a particular person and even a whole city. Each of the new images was famous for its own unique name, they are referred to as:- The icon of the Virgin of the Smolensk-Novgorod (its name "cholera";
- The icon of the Virgin of Smolenskoye-Ustyuzhenskaya;
- The icon of the Virgin of Smolensk-Sedmiezer;
- The icon of the Virgin of Smolenskiy-Sergievskaya;
- The icon of the Virgin of Smolenskaya Kostroma;
- The icon of the Virgin of Smolenskaya-Souish (Yalutorovskaya);
- The icon of the Virgin of the Smolenskih-Shuisian.
Traditions and bans of the holiday
In the last month of summer in Russia, it was often rained with thunderstorms, people were afraid to suffer from lightning, so on August 10, if there was bad weather, they did not work. To honor the memory of the Smolensky image of the Virgin, made a god move. When public prayer was completed, the peasants were allowed to take images to her home and consecrate their home and courtyard. In the end, a festive lunch always began.
Also on August 10, the traditions were honored by blacksmiths, because their work was very appreciated by the people. These people managed fire and hardware, made tools for the processing of the Earth and, accordingly, were responsible for a good harvest. According to belief, it was believed that the blacksmiths are able to rule over evil entities.
And today is the most important action that the Orthodox believers should commit - go to the church , I sincerely pray to God, ask for the forgiveness of my sins, put a candle on the health of relatives and loved ones. Pray at the image of the Mother of God.
Interesting! For popular beliefs, on August 10, it is impossible to change anything, otherwise the exchange subject will not serve for a long time, quickly deterrent.
Signs associated with weather are also preserved. To determine the weather conditions for a few days ahead, the peasants on the holiday went early in the morning to the reservoir and watched him:
- Fog is close to water - wait for good weather;
- Fog rises upstairs - rain will begin.
And the following actions are under the ban:
- It is forbidden to quarrel, conflict, offended and, moreover, fight;
- It is impossible to criticize other people, deceive;
- It is impossible to greeding;
- unacceptably blasphemy;
- It is impossible to be in a state of despondency, sad, have bad thoughts in the head;
- Girls should not work with needlework on this day;
- But to clean in the house, cook food and perform work in the garden and garden, such actions are not considered sinful.
What are the Smolensk Mother of God pray?
The image of the Virgin, called Smolensk-Odigitria, performs the following functions:
- Patronizes travelers, removing various troubles from them, accidents;
- protects and eliminates serious ailments;
- protects man and his dwelling from the enemies, thieves;
- The entire history of the Christian faith to the Smolensk Virgin People appealed when the Russians came terrible mass epidemics.
As mentioned earlier, the initial version of the shrine was lost during the Great Patriotic War. Instead of her in the Assumption Cathedral in the city of Smolensk, another ancient relic was placed in the early 17th century, which used to be in the temple over the Dnieper Gate (Smolensk Kremlin).