Buku la Loto la Freud: Momwe Chikumbutso cha munthu chimawonekera m'maloto

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) anali dokotala wa neuropatian, wazamisala komanso wamisala, wojambula bwino, woyambitsa chiphunzitso cha psychoanalysis.

Koma si aliyense amene akudziwa kuti agogo a asychoanalysis, monga amamuyendera, amayang'anira kwambiri udindo wa maloto amunthu. Chifukwa chake, mu 1900, dziko linawona "lotolo lolota". Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zonse za buku lino, onani nkhani yotsatirayi.

Kutanthauzira kwa maloto pa Fred: Kutanthauzira kwa maloto

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Pamene wamisala wophunzirira HYsteria akamaphunzira njira zodabwitsa zogona. Zotsatira zake, anaika malingaliro a zikhumbo zosakwaniritsidwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasaka, kupita kudera la osazindikira, komwe ali, kupitiliza kukopa khalidwe.

Palibe amene amadziwika kuti psyche, zomwe sizikuwoneka bwino, koma zimakhudza kwambiri momwe munthu amaganizira ndi moyo. Njira yopangira ukadaulo zimakhudza kukwezedwa komwe kumapezeka mu zovulala zamaganizidwe ndi zoyipa.

Taganizirani pankhani inayake: Ingoganizirani kuti m'banja la mtsikanayo, bamboyo adadzipangitsanso mwamphamvu, mwaulemu, sanalemekeze mayi. Kenako mtsogolo mwake sadzasankha oimira kugonana mwamphamvu ndi machitidwe ofananawo. Kupatula apo, wazika mizu m'mutu - munthu ayenera kukhala mutu wabanja.

Zilakalaka zakusamutsidwa zomwe akufuna kukwaniritsa chigawo cha kuvomerezedwa, amayamba kutsutsana ndi kuyika kwanzeru ndipo nthawi zina anapambana, mwachitsanzo, pamene munthu ali m'tulo.

Ndipo pamaziko a izi, ngati zili zowona kuti ndi kulota malotowo, mutha kudziwa zomwe mukulephera kutsutsidwa ndi munthuyo.

Chifukwa chake, wotanthauzira maloto anali ofunika kwambiri mu psychology. Adawonetsa ndowezo usiku sizitanthauza zamkhutu, koma zikuyimira kufunitsitsa kuperewera, koma mwa mawonekedwe osokonekera.

"Kutanthauzira kodziwika bwino" kutanthauzira kwa maloto "kunasindikizidwa kangapo, ndipo anali woyenera kumawerengedwa kuti ndi ogulitsa kwambiri wazaka 20. Zowona, ndizodabwitsa kuti kutchuka kwa bukuli kunabwera pambuyo pake, ndipo poyamba buku lolotalo lidawonedwa bwino.

Kutanthauzira kwa maloto ndi Freud: mfundo zofunika

Tate wa Psychoayalysis adapereka zoterezi pokana kuteteza kwa chiphunzitso:

1. Zomwe zanenedwa kale - kugona ndi kusokonekera kwa ena okhumudwa, kukhazikitsa. M'maloto, osazindikira amadzathyole ngati zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.
2. Lachiwiri - Freud adakhulupirira kuti maloto amathandizira munthu kukhala womasuka kwambiri komanso modekha. Munjira yachilengedwe, kugona ndi tchuthi cha thupi, kubwezeretsa mphamvu.

Ndipo kuchokera pa malingaliro a psychology panthawiyi, munthu ali mu boma, wofanana kwambiri, pomwe pali chilimbikitso chokwanira ndi mtendere. Ndipo ngati chiphatikizidwira, popeza zikhumbo zake zosazindikira zimakhazikitsidwa m'moyo, zimamverera kukhala kogwirizana kwenikweni, kumverera chisangalalo.

1. Chachitatu, chomwe chimafotokoza, - osazindikira chimaimira zizindikiro zake monga zizindikiro zapadera, zithunzi zomwe ndikofunikira kuti zitha kutanthauzira moyenera. Pankhaniyi, njira yoyenera kwambiri.

Kupatula apo, anthu awiri osiyana amazindikira chizindikiro chofanana, mwachitsanzo, mphika wa khofi ndi wosiyana kwathunthu. Ndipo Sigmund adapemphedwa kuti awonetse kuti kuwunika kwawo kudafalitsidwa, nthawi zonse amafunsa funso limodzi:

"Ndimalingaliro ati omwe amabwera ndi malingaliro awa (kapena zochitika)?"

Zowona, pambuyo pake, wasayansi akumvetsa kuti anthu ena ali ndi tanthauzo lofanana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, asankha kupanga buku lanu lotchuka.

Masiku ano, kufalitsidwako kuli kwa aliyense amene akufuna - itha kugulidwapo pa malo ogulitsira mabuku, kapena kupeza "maloto a" kutanthauzira kwa maloto: Kutanthauzira maloto "pa intaneti pa intaneti.

Mitundu ya maloto mu freud

Malinga ndi psychoanalyst, pali mitundu itatu yokha ya maloto:

• Chotsani - musayambitse zovuta pakusintha kwawo.
• Mahatchi omveka, koma achilendo usiku - pachinthu chomwe ali ndi zomveka, koma chiwembu chawo ndichovuta kugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'moyo weniweni.
• Maloto osindikizidwa, osindikizidwa - kuti mumvetsetse sizingatheke. Ndi magulu omwe maloto omaliza amafunika kulipira chidwi - nthawi zambiri zofunikira kwambiri pankhani yolota, moyo wake, zochitika zamtsogolo, ndi zina.

Kodi maloto a maloto osiyana ndi chiphunzitso cha Freud ndi chiyani?

Pakhoza kukhala funso lomveka bwino kuti: "Ngati chilichonse cholembedwa pamwambapa chikugwirizana, munthu m'modzi amatha kuzindikira zofuna zake m'maloto, bwanji nthawi zambiri mumawona zoopsa, zopusa, zosagwirizana kapena zosokoneza."

Zimakhala zosangalatsa pano. Chifukwa chake, Freud adalankhula za izi usiku, m'maloto, kuzindikira kwa anthu ndikusowa kukhala maso, komabe, monga mlonda, "ali pa positi Yake". Ndipo ngakhale mutagona, munthu amatha kumva chisoni kapena kukwiya komwe kumachitika ndi malingaliro ndi zokhumba zake.

Kukutetezani, osazindikira kumapangitsa kuzindikira kuti pakhale zojambula zosiyanasiyana zopanda tanthauzo, kutiwopseza kuti tiphe kapena kukakamiza kulira zakunja zikadzuka. Ndiye kuti, mumayang'ana pa chithunzi cha maloto, osamva nkhawa za zofuna zanu zophimbidwa. Uku ndi mtundu wonyentcheza wa chikumbumtima ndi chikumbumtima.

Zoyenera kuwona loto la alarm pa freud?

Mosiyana, Sigmund Freud adapereka maloto osokoneza. Zokhudza Psychoanalyt akuti amachita zotsatira za kubisa kwambiri ngati zokolola za nkhawa zimachitika pafupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, adawatcha kuti malonda akuvutika kuti avutike. Apa ndikufuna kukumbukira zotsutsa za ambiri a chiphunzitso cha Freud, zomwe zimapangitsa kufananizidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake onse m'maloto kapena ndi akazi, kapena ndi maliseche aamuna.

Maganizo a wasayansi adatengera nthawi yomwe iye amakhala. Kupatula apo, Ekorgorian Entyvanion imadziwika ndi malingaliro ake a kalulu wokonda kusangalala. Freud adaganiza zotsutsana ndi kukhazikitsa koteroko, chifukwa chake nkhawa yake yokhudza zogonana imakhala yomveka.

Malingaliro ambiri amisala, makamaka, ndi chiphunzitso cha maloto mtsogolo zimapangitsa kuti kusakonda. Kupatula apo, a Freud nonse, zimawunikira zonse zogonana, ndipo zonse zomwe amalemba zokhumudwitsa za munthu ndi zilakolako zake zachinsinsi.

Kutanthauzira kwalokha kwa maloto pa lingaliro la Freud

Tsopano tiyeni tigwirizane ndi momwe mungasinthire bwino zomwe usiku wanu umatanthawuza ngati mungasankhe kugwiritsa ntchito buku la maloto a Freud.

Lamulo lalikulu kwambiri - Tulutsani phindu la zilembo zapadera, komanso zimamvetsetsanso chiwembu chonsecho chonse.

Munthu akagona, zosefera zonse zakuzindikira kwake (kapena pafupifupi kwathunthu) zimasiyidwa, ndipo osazindikira amayamba kugwira ntchito ndi coil wathunthu.

Zizindikiro zonse m'mafunde usiku zimasungidwa mu mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Wolota, kulakalaka kapena kuopa kuti akufuna kuwonetsa kugona kumasankhidwa;
• Kenako imachitika "polemba" m'chizindikiro china cha mayanjano;
• Zizindikiro zimasakanizidwa wina ndi mnzake, chifukwa chake zimakhala maloto nthawi zambiri amawoneka osagwirizana komanso achilendo.

Zimapezeka kuti mosazindikira akuwonetsa kuti nthawi zonse kugona mokwanira ndi kuphatikizidwa ndi kusakaniza zithunzi. Ndi chodabwitsa, koma nthawi zambiri munthu amakhutira ndi masomphenyawo usiku, chifukwa polota zolakalaka zowona kwambiri zimachitika, phobias ndi mantha omwe agonjetsedwa. Ndipo m'mawa mwake, pomwe chikumbumtima chidzafika, kugona kumatha kuchititsa chizolowezi, chifukwa kumawoneka ngati chodabwitsa, chosamveka.

Sigmund Freud anali ndi chidaliro kuti palibe chilichonse chodziwika m'moyo. Malingaliro onse ndi ntchito zimakhudza mikangano ya zithupsion, zogonana komanso ludzu la chisangalalo.

Psychoyalyst amakhulupirira kuti munthu ayenera kuphunzira kufa kuti azifa ngati akufuna kukhala m'gulu lotukuka. Ndipo popeza anthu ambiri sakudziwa momwe angawachotsere konse, amayendetsa zotumiza.

Tiyerekeze kuti mwasankha kuthetsa maloto anu kuti mumvetsetse zomwe sizikudziwani bwino zikukuwuzani za chiyani. Kenako ikadzuka, tsatirani izi:

• Kudzuka pa kutuluka, lembani pepala lililonse lomwe mwawona usiku. Ndiye mwina simungaiwale tsatanetsatane kuchokera ku malotowo, ndipo pambuyo pake, mukamasankha, onse ndi ofunika kwambiri.
• Kenako muyenera kulemba zilembo zazikulu kuchokera ku tulo. M'malo mwake, lembani kuti mukulumikizidwa nawo. Ndipo musaganize motalika kwambiri - njira yoyamba yomwe imakumbukira nthawi zambiri imakhala yoona.
• Tengani mwayi pazinthu zomwe Freud amapereka m'buku lanu lamaloto. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti munthu akumva mantha kapena kuchita manyazi kwambiri kuchokera pamalingaliro ndi zikhumbo zomwe zikubwera m'mutu mwake, sizingawazindikire motsimikiza. Panopa kuthandizira ndikubwera kwa mbuye wa Psychoanalysis.
• Pamapeto, ndikofunikira kukhomeredwa mawu onse a maloto m'chithunzi. Yambitsani kukumbukira zomwe zinachitika ndi zizindikilo mu chiwembu chogona - kuti mutha kuzindikira zizindikilo zonse za kuzindikira.

Zachidziwikire, poyamba njira zotanthauzira maloto ndizovuta. Koma mwakusintha pafupipafupi, mudzakhala mukumvetsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mwinanso chithunzi chinanso chisanachitike. Ndikofunikira kukhazikika kwambiri pazomverera zanu ndipo sizimayang'ana maloto, ndikudalira kwambiri "Ine".