Ibintu bisanzwe bireka ntamuntu utitayeho. Mu bihe bya kera, babwiwe imbaraga zubumaji kandi bafatwa nk'igaragaza ry'ubushake bw'imana. Bashushanya imana zirakaye, bareze abaziba. Muri iki gihe, amayobera yo gucyakira arakemuka, kandi nta myobera irimo.
Gahunda y'izuba yamaze igihe kinini yizwe kandi iperereza, iteganyagihe ryemerera kwiga ibyerekeye eclipse iri imbere kandi ibiranga kugeza amasegonda. Umuhungu wanjye muto asuye club ya astronomical, aho abitabiriye buri gihe bizihiza ukwezi kandi izuba ryinshi. Kandi nzakubwira uko iyi ngingo ibaho.
Imirasire y'izuba
Iyi ngingo yubumenyi bwikirere ibaho mugihe cya disiki yukwezi hagati yizuba nisi, iyo ihuye imigezi yizuba. Iki gikorwa kibaho gusa mugihe cyizuru. Muri iki gihe, disiki yijoro irabagirana itagaragara kuva kwisi, kuko umubiri wacyo ntumurikirwa nizuba. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Ukwezi gutera igicucu ku zuba mugihe trasectory yimikorere yabo ya orbit.
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Ukwezi gushobora guhagarika imigezi yumucyo cyangwa kubahagarika igice. Ukurikije ibi, abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bagena umwirondoro wuzuye kandi wigenga (igice) cy'izuba (ubwirakabiri bw'izuba cyangwa ukwezi kwitwa ubwirakabiri).
Urukurikirane rwa phenomenon yinyenyeri isa nkibi:
- Disiki yukwezi itangira kugaragara kuva iburyo bwizuba;
- Disiki yukwezi hejuru ya sorera;
- Ukwezi kwa disiki yose yuzuye izuba;
- Ukwezi kwimukira mu orbit yayo, buhoro buhoro ifungura kuri disiki y'izuba.
Nigute Ukwezi, buri muri miriyoni y'ibihe bitarenze izuba, bishobora gukomatwika igicucu no gusoza imigezi y'imirasire? Muburyo bugaragara, iyi irari ireba kimwe kubera itandukaniro rinini kure, nubwo izuba rifite inshuro 400 diameter yukwezi. Rimwe na rimwe, disiki yawe irashobora kureba igihe izuba ryinshi niba luminiriari irare hafi cyane ni kuva hasi.
Cosmonautts ziri muri orbit, mugihe cyo kumenya ubwirakabiri, igicucu cy'ukwezi gusa kiragaragara, kigwa hejuru yisi. Irasa n'ahantu hijimye. Bitewe n'igituba igicucu, amanywa kitaratagaragara kwitegereza ku isi.
Ukwezi kwinshi? Ibi bibaho muriki gihe orbits yizuba ukwezi kurambuye. Ingingo ihuriweho yitwa Ukwezi node. Kuki iyi ngingo yubumenyi bwikirere atari muri buri kwezi gushya? Kuberako ntaho burigihe umunsi na orbite nijoro byegera hejuru yukwezi.
Ku nyandiko! Niba ukwezi gushya bibaye kure yukwezi (guhuza ukwezi nizuba), hanyuma ubwirakabiri ntitubaho.
Ni he nshobora kwizihiza iyi ngingo karemano? Kubera ko diameter ya disiki ya Lumer ni nto cyane kuruta izuba, umurongo wa eclipse ntabwo urenze km 200. Kubwibyo, birashoboka kwitegereza indorerezi nziza gusa nibice bimwe byisi, abaturage baraburirwa hakiri kare kuri ibi.
Ni kangahe iyi ngingo yubumenyi bwikirere ibaho? Ugereranije, yubahirizwa ubwirakabiri babiri kugeza kuri batanu kumwaka. Ibisanzwe cyane ni eclipses igice. Byuzuye cyangwa impeta reba ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka, kuko bibaye gake cyane - rimwe mumyaka mirongo mike.
Kubera ko ibintu bishobora kugaragara mu ntara zitandukanye, abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bafite ingendo zo kureba mbere. Nubwo imiterere yububiko bwize neza, burigihe hariho ikinyamico mubumenyi ukeneye kuzuza amakuru.
Iyi mvugo ihembye kugeza ryari? Umwaka muremure wose wari iminota 7 amasegonda 7, kandi igihe gito cyakomeje isegonda imwe gusa. Ubwirakabiri bwigenga bushobora gukomeza amasaha 3.5, n'amafaranga y'amafaranga - ntarenze iminota 12.3.
Ubwoko bw'izuba
Kugira ngo wumve ibyo tuvuga, ugomba kumenya ibisobanuro byikirere. Akenshi, ijambo saros riboneka mubisobanuro bya phenomena. Iri jambo ry'Ikigereki risobanura gusubiramo izuba ndetse n'ukwezi ku buhimbano muburyo bumwe. Iki gihe ni amezi 223 ya sinodic yukwezi (cyangwa imyaka 18 yingengabihe). Guhanura eclip, ukwezi kwabaye no mugihe cya Babuloni ya kera. Iyi nyenyeri.
Ukurikije aho bisi ya disiki ya Lunar, itatera igicucu izuba, hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwisi yose:
- byuzuye;
- igice (cyangwa wenyine);
- Impeta imeze (impeta);
- Hybrid.
Mugihe cyuzuye, disiki yukwezi irenze izuba. Mu mpinga ya eclipse, ikamba ryonyine riragaragara, bigoye gutandukanya amanywa. Umwijima ukomoka hasi, inyenyeri zigaragara mu kirere, ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bugwa kuri dogere 5. Inyoni ziraceceka, kandi inyamaswa zirahagarara.
Urwirondoro (cyangwa abikorera) ni rusange. Ahanini, birashoboka kubireba gusa. Abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere babaze ko buri myaka 100 ya disiki yakuweho inshuro zizuba 237. Muri ibyo, umugabane wa eclip yuzuye kuri 5% gusa, n'impeta - ndetse no munsi.
Hamwe n'ubwirakane bwigenga, ikirere nticyijimye, kandi inyenyeri ntizigaragara mu kirere. Ukwezi kurenga kuri disiki yose yumuriro, ariko nkaho unyuze mumutwe we. Ibi bintu birashobora gufatwa neza binyuze mumurongo wijimye wijimye, bitabaye ibyo bizarengana bitamenyekanye.
Ku nyandiko! Ibintu bimwe birashobora kugaragara bitandukanye mubice bya kure byisi. Igihe kimwe cyisi hari umwumvikane rwuzuye, hanyuma kurundi ruhande rwisi, abantu bareba ubwirakabiri.
Mugihe ubwirakabiri bumeze nk'impeta, igicucu cy'ukwezi ntigishobora kugera ku isi. Muri kano kanya, ababitsibonye barebe uko disiki yukwezi yambukiranya izuba, ariko ntiyishyira hejuru kubera ubunini buto.
Imvugo ya Hybrid ni ikibazo kidasanzwe mugihe mugice kimwe cyisi cyerekana guhuzagurika kuri disiki, hanyuma kurundi ruhande rwisi - impeta.
Indorerezi ya Phenomenon
Byemezwa ko ubwirakabiri bw'izuba ari akaga. Abaganga barasaba gusuzuma gusa kubirahuri byumutekano cyangwa, nkuburyo bwa nyuma, binyuze mu kirahure cyijimye. Itagaragara mumaso ya UV Imirasire ikomeje kumurika, kubwibyo, gusuzuma bya disiki birashobora kurangiza gutwika resinal.
Na none kuri uyumunsi ntabwo bisabwa kunywa inzoga, gutwara imodoka, komeza ingendo kandi ukemure ibisubizo byikirere. Mugihe c'ikirere, indwara zidakira no kurwara mu mutwe birashobora kuboneka. Kubwibyo, ntibisabwa kwinjira mubibazo nabatazi kandi bikagwa mubushotoranyi. Inzira nziza yo kwirinda ingaruka mbi zubukwe eclipse ni ukumara umunsi wose murugo.