Psychologiya nka siyansi kubyerekeye ubugingo imizi mu Bugereki bwa kera. Ariko, ntibishoboka gushiraho ubwishingizi, se wiyi disipulini itangaje kandi yingirakamaro, niyihe yiga ibintu bitagaragara kandi bifatika - roho yumuntu. By'umwihariko ushishikajwe n'abantu gestalt psychologiya - ijambo ryubwenge cyane.
Umukobwa wa mushiki wanjye wa Rosulor ntashobora kurokoka umubano numusore, yabuze irari kandi yashonga mumaso ye. Twahangayikishijwe ntabwo duhangayikishijwe no mumutwe gusa, ahubwo no kumubiri. Ese psychotherapist ye yamufashaga, icyo aricyo koko "amatwi" yamurekuye mu gishanga cyamarangamutima, aho yiroha. None gstaltpsychologyschologyschologys, kandi birashoboka kubisobanurira hamwe namagambo yoroshye? Soma ingingo.
Ni iki Gestalt mu rurimi rworoshye
Nigute ijambo "Gestalt" rihinduwe riva mu kidage, kandi ni ukubera iki batangiye guhamagara icyerekezo cyose muri psychologiya? Abantu benshi bari mubwiza nubujiji kuri pshetalt psychologiya: yitwa ubwenge, ntibumvikana. Ariko ibintu byose ntabwo bigoye cyane, nkuko bigaragara. Gestalt hamwe n'Ubudage Byerekana AS:- imiterere;
- ishusho;
- ifishi
- Shyira muburyo.
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Ariko iki gihe gito kubijyanye nuko psychologiya idakemuzi iri mumitekerereze ya psychologiya. Mubikorwa, gestalt ni amagambo yoroshye yo gukuraho ibibazo byumunwa no gusenya kuva kera binyuze mu kwibuka . Ibi nibyo bicaye rwihishwa mumatsinda, ariko gucunga imyitwarire nimyumvire yubuzima bwubu. Irashobora kandi kwitwa imitekerereze ya psychologiya ibangamira umuntu neza mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.
Ku nyandiko! Gestalt yangiza irashobora kuba ikibazo kidashira mubihe byashize cyangwa ubu.
Umuganga wa psychologue wifuzwa mubuvuzi bwa gestalt arashobora kugaragara cyane muburyo bwumuntu akabona clamp yihishe (guhagarika) birinda kubaho kandi wumve umunezero. Ubu ni icyerekezo gikomeye kandi gifite inshingano muri psychologiya, bikunze kwita ijambo ryumuvuzi (kwivuza). Ubu ni bwo buvuzi bw'ubugingo butagira ibinini n'ivanga, physiotherapy n'ubundi buvuzi. Nta binini biva muri psychologique: bakeneye gusa kubona, kumenya no kurimbura. Uyu ni Gestalt-Therapist kumasomo.
Kuki Geshentalt hamagara ijambo ryubuvuzi? Kuberako ubu aribwo buvuzi bukabije, kandi burigihe burababaza. Umuntu akeneye kwibuka ibirori byahahamutse mubisobanuro byose kandi yongera kurokoka ayo mahano. Gusa nyuma yibyo bikoresho byo mumitekerereze (Clamp) kurabura, indi nzira ntabwo yatanzwe. Tekereza uko bibabaza. Ariko ububabare, birumvikana, ntabwo ari umubiri. Iyo umuntu ashoboye kwigomeka byose, hanyuma utekereze kandi ukureho kwibuka, yitwa "Gestalt ya hafi".
Uburyo Fastalt yashinzwe
Ni uruhe rukuru mu rurimi rworoshye, twasenyaga. Ariko byashizweho ite, kandi kuki wihisha mubwimbitse bwitsinda? Gestalt yashinzwe byemewe n'amategeko, kandi ntabwo abishaka. Kurugero, wahise utongana numuturanyi cyangwa abo dukorana kandi ntushobora guta iki gikorwa mu mutwe. Ibitekerezo bihora bizengurwa mumutwe, urema ibiganiro (ibyo umuturanyi yavuga ko nzamusubiza - kandi muruziga). Ibi bimaze gushinga gestalta (ishusho, imiterere, imiterere), bitangira gufata amahoro nibihe byijimye.
Abantu bamwe ni abanyamwuga kugirango inzogo ziguruka ziguruka cyane zirashobora gukabya agaciro k'ibyabaye byose no kugira inama ibice byabuze.
Ariko kubera iki amashusho mabi arimo kwizirika muburyo bwo kwibuka kandi ntukabeho atuje, kuki amashusho meza yo kubabaza umuntu uwo ari we wese kandi udashimishwa rimwe? Igisubizo kiroroshye cyane, ukurikije umwe mubashinzwe imivuruke ya GEALT THERAPY Frederick Perz. Ibintu byiza ni ibya psyche yumugabo byarangiye: Amarangamutima meza yarabonetse, muri make. Ibintu bibi bitaranduzwa, kubera ko inyungu ziturukanwa zitakiriwe.
Kubwiyi mpamvu nyine (icyifuzo cyo kuzura), ishusho mbi hejuru kandi mugihe cyo kwibutsa gusa nintego imwe: kuza mumusozo wayo wumvikana. Ibi birasa nkibi: Gutongana numuturanyi cyangwa hari ukuntu bimuhana kubwimyitwarire ya Ham. Niba nta numwe cyangwa ikindi kibaho, ibintu bifatwa nibyiciro bidarangiye. Ibi birashobora kumara imyaka ndetse ni imyaka mirongo, bigaragara ko bibabaza kandi bibabaza. Kubwibyo, kubakira kuri psychotherapiste, umuntu agomba kongera kurokoka ibintu bibabaje, ariko bimaze kuba hamwe numunzuro wumvikana. Gusa nyuma yibyo bizashira mu kwibuka no gusiga ubugingo wenyine.
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Ariko ni ukubera iki bidashobora kwiyangiza ingero no kuyikuraho? Bimwe birashoboka, kurugero, mugihe uwakoze icyaha yababariwe. Ariko abantu benshi ntibashobora gukemura ikibazo mu bwigenge kandi bashongenze gusa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gukora gahunda kuri psychotherapist mugihe cyo kubona insono kuva kumutwe (guhagarika).
Mu bihe biri imbere, umuntu aziga kwikuramo ibimenyetso byoroshye, nko mu mandori ubabaza mu mubiri. Ubu ni ubuhanga bukomeye umukiriya umukiriya yigisha umuvuzi wujuje ibyangombwa.
Impamvu yo Kugaragara kwa Gestaltov
Kuki aborozi mu bwoko ubwo aribwo bwose cyangwa tekinike itazaterwa tekinike, inzira zinka zitakorwa? Kuki baranga abantu bize kuva mu bihugu byateye imbere? Kuberako aborigine yumuryango bamwe nyafurika bashobora kubaho "hano na none" kandi ntibakurura ibibazo kuva kera.
Icy'ingenzi! Impamvu nyamukuru yo kugaragara kwa gestaltov ni ukudashobora kubaho muri iki gihe, ibitekerezo bihoraho kubyerekeye ibyahise. Igikorwa cya GEstalt Therapiste ni ukuboha umuntu wo kubaho kera.
Umunyaburayi wa kijyambere urebye kunanirwa, bidashobora kubyaza neza kandi ukabakuramo mugihe cyigihe (kandi mugihe kizaza). Mugihe umuntu atiga kubaho mugihe nyako, azaterwa kandi adashidikanywaho na Geshtaltami nka firigo. Agenda mu gihe kizaza kandi akurura igikapu kinini cyatsinzwe inyuma, ntashaka gutandukana nabo. Byongeye kandi, itanga umusingi w'ejo hazaza: ni ukuvuga uburozi bubishaka ubuzima bwe hamwe nuburozi bwa kahise.
Gestalt ni ishusho ituzuye muri psychologiya. Kugirango ubikureho, ugomba gufunga. Ubanza gukora, hanyuma ufunge. Frederick Perz ntabwo ari ku buryo bwubusa bwashizeho uburyo: Yize amahame ya filozofiya ya Budisime igihe kirekire. Ishingiro ryinyigisho z'Ababuda ni ikintu cyubusa. Umuntu utekereza kubusa asa nkaho asukura "cache" muri byose byinyongera. Gutekereza ntabwo ari ubusa bifasha abadabuda babaho "hano none" kandi nta makuru adakenewe mubyibuka bibuka.
Uburyo bwo kuyobora busa nimwe mubisobanuro byingenzi bya grialt-therapy. Mbere yuko umukiriya ashyiraho intebe irimo ubusa, kandi agomba kwigaragaza kuri iyi ntebe. Ubukurikira, imitekerereze ya psychotherapiste itanga umukiriya kuvugana nawe, "yicaye ku ntebe irimo ubusa." Muri iki gikorwa, psychotherapiste ikurikirana neza guhindura amarangamutima nimyitwarire yabakiriya.
Kugira ngo wishime ko ukeneye kwiga kubaho "hano na none", kandi ntukibuka ibyahise kandi sinzongera ejo hazaza.
Kugira ngo umenyereho kubaho muriki gihe, ugomba gukora imyitozo yoroshye buri gitondo mugihe cya mugitondo. Ni ngombwa kumva ingendo zose: Kora ikiyiko, guhekenya no kumira ibiryo, gukora ku gikombe kugeza ku gikombe, n'ibindi.
Niba wiyigishije kuri ubwo bumenyi, noneho mugihe gito, Gestalta azahagarara. Baho muri iki gihe nubuhanzi bukomeye ntibigeze bitinze kwiga.