Kudzidzisa pakunamata neimwe ine mabhuku ayo matsvene, umo nheyo chitendero zvinonyorwa. Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro nyore pamwe chiBuddha, nekuti dzidziso iyi pakunamata rakakamurwa akawanda Mirayiridzo zvakasiyana yekudyidzana kubva mumwe. Tora kanenge chitendero Bon, izvo zvinoita pachake chiBuddha, asi haina kuzivikanwa Dalai Lama. Dzimwe nguva inogona kuenderera pfungwa akasikwa kuti siyana mirayiridzo muchiBuddha vari muzvitendero zvakasiyana.
shamwari yangu akaita richangopfuura outorwa nezvoumambo Mustang (Nepal) uye vakauya incredible nezvaunoona pamusoro chitendero Bon, iyo yaiva Tibet asati aberekwa Gautam Siddhartha - muvambi chiBuddha. Today I achakuudza zvaunofanira bhuku dzvene chiBuddha ndiye mukuru uye sokunyorwa inonzi. Saka hapana nyongano panyaya iyi, Tichakurukurawo zvishoma vose vanozivikanwa muBhudha zvinyorwa.
Various mirayiridzo muchiBuddha
Tsvaga kuti chii chakamirira iwe nhasi - horoscope yeanhasi kune ese ezviratidzo zvese zodiacNevanyoreri vevanyoreri, isu takagadzirira horoscope chaiyo yekunyorera foni mbozha. Kufanotaura kuchauya kune yako zodiac chiratidzo mangwanani ega ega - hazvigoneke kupotsa!
Dhawunirodha Mahara: Horoscope yezuva rega rega 2020 (inowanikwa pane Android)
Kana kutaura mumiriri Religion Bon, inzwai nezvokuvapo zhinji pefiyumu. Dzakazadza mweya kugara Earth, mune imwe neimwe nyaya yoga zvokunamata chaizvo mupenyu. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti Bon chomumwe pechishamani, sezvo chaiyo kwaari vanyatsomucherechedza "pamwe" nemidzimu.
Zvisinei, mashoko inaccurable Munhu nyore kutsauswa mokuverengwa Mantra uye yemamongi vamiririri Religion Bon, izvo zvakaoma kusiyanisa kubva chaiwo chiBhudha yakavambwa Gauta Buddha. Nekuti shoko "Buddha" rinoshandurwa kuti "kumutswa", uye avo pachavo vanonzi zvachose zvose muna Tibet - uye vamiririri Religion Bon, kusanganisira.
Tichitarisa mubvunzo chiBuddha, zvinokosha kutaura pamusoro pokutungamirira Zen, izvo chakasiyana kubva chaiwo kutiva uye akashinga kutaura kunzwisisa chinokosha muBhudha chokwadi. Vamwe vaongorori havatendi pasina chikonzero kuti kusiyana chiBhudha ndizvo zvakafanana kusiyana chiKristu. Somuenzaniso, maProtestenti negwara uye Orthodoxy anogona kuonekwa sezvo zvitendero zvakasiyana zvachose, kunyange vane Mwari rimwe - Jesu Kristu. Zvakafanana zvinoitika chiBhudha.
Tripitak - Sacred Book chiBuddha
Classic chiBhudha anoziva Rori chitsvene - kwedenga pamusoro muBhudha canons, rakanyorwa afa Gautama Buddha.
Pane chinyorwa! Pane matatu madhanduro emarori ari weIndia, Chinese uye Tibetan Tsika.
Pali (Indian) sarudzo inonyanya kufarirwa - kuumbwa. Ndiye akaramba zvachose. Iri bhuku rine zvikamu zvitatu:
- Simba Vinala;
- Simba Sutra;
- Abhidharma Simba Simba.
Rori iri mududziro inoreva - mabhasikiti matatu. Pakutanga, zvinyorwa zvitsvene zvakachengetwa mumabhasikiti emashizha emichindwe, saka zita rehunhu. Nekudaro, vamwe vatsvagiri vanotenda kuti zita racho harishande kudengu: Saka pane yekare sanskrit inonzi muunganidzwa wechimwe chinhu kana muunganidzwa.
Chii chinotaurira rugwaro rwutsvene rweBuddha? Iri bhuku rekutanga rakanyora seti yemitemo ichitevedzera hupenyu hwenharaunda yemonastic. Ichi uwane murayiridzo, dzinotevera iyo inofanira kuva benzi. Mune simba rokunda, mitemo 500 yakanyorwa, kuti ndeapi mamoni uye nuns anogara. Chinangwa chebhuku iri ndechekuchengetedza kuwirirana uye kuraira munharaunda ine hutsinye hwemweya.
Simba Sutra rinotaura nezve hupenyu hweGautama Buddha. Iyo ine varume zviuru gumi, iyo inonyora kune iyo inofungidzirwa kune iyo yavakashamiswa kwazvo yeBuddhism uye vadzidzi vayo vepedyo.
chikamu rechitatu nemarori ndiyo systematization pamusoro muBhudha kudzidzisa - Dharma, ongororo kwouzivi uye mhedziso siyana. Iri ndiro resainzi resainzi hwechiBuddha, mazviri hapachina kurongeka kwemirairo nemirairo.
Pane chinyorwa! Kekutanga, rori yakanyorwa nemamongi eBuddhist Sri Lanka pamashizha emichindwe akagadzirirwa.
Kwemakore akawanda, dzidziso dzaGautama Buddha dzakatenderedzwa kubva mumuromo kusvika mumuromo, sezvakaita tsika tsika yechiHindu. Asi nekuda kwekutyisidzirwa kwekurasikirwa kweruzivo, pamusangano wekutanga wechiBhudha wakasarudzwa kuti uwedzere chokwadi chitsvene mubhuku.
Iyo rori inoramba iri chete huwandu hwakazara hwechokwadi chechiBhudha. Mafambiro anotevera uye kuyerera kweBuddhism haana kuenda mushure mekunge vatungamirwa nezvivakwa zvakafanira kutarisirwa.
Chinese rori
Iyi vhezheni yeMagwaro Matsvene yakagoverwa muChina, Japan neVietnam. Iyo ine mutsauko kubva kune yekutanga sosi (iyo yakanyorwa muSanskrit) uye kubva kuTibetan vhezheni. Semuenzaniso, mune iyi akasiyana mune zvinyorwa zviri kushaikwa muPali vhezheni. Buddhologists vanodavira kuti Chinese shanduro yakaonekwa kwokutanga kupfuura Pali sarudzo uye vakashumira sehwaro iye.Tibetan Shanduro
BHUKU muTibetan rine zvikamu zviviri - Gardzhur uye Danjura. Gangeshuri yakavakirwa pane mharidzo yechokwadi chechiBhudha (canon), uye Dudjur anovataura. Shanduro yeTibetan yemarori inobhadhara kukosha kukuru kune iyo inoshanda nzira yekudzidzisa, kune ruzivo rwakawanda rwekudzidzira maitiro uye tantra. Lama funga nezveTibetan vhezheni yemarori seyakagadzwa yemitemo.
Korean version
VaKoreans vane yavo chaiyo seti yemirau yavakataura nePokhanman Tagen. Iyi canon yakanyorwa pamapiritsi matanhatu emapuranga emapuranga akanyorwa makore 1087. Zvisinei, panguva yekupinda kweMongolia, zviratidzo zvakaparadzwa zvizere, saka shanduro yakazotevera yemarori akasvika nhasi, vakanyorwa 1251. Iyi canon inoonekwa seyakanyanya kuzara yezvese zvakachengetedzwa zvekare sarudzo.
Pane idzi shanduro, mabhuku matsvene haapere, nekuti munharaunda yega yega kwaive nemhando yemarori kunze kwevamwe. Zviri nyore kutsanangurira kushaya kwekusvina uye nekukurumidza kutaurirana pakati penyika. Asi pazere ramakore rechi 18, mamiriro ezvinhu akachinja: Iyo imwe canon yakazosikwa, iyo yakagadzirirwa pamatombo emabwe.
Yakabatana TD marori
Muna 1780, iyo Buddhist kattera yakaitika muBurma, maChirungu emamoni anosarudza kubatanidza iwo mavara emarori. Basa rakawanda rakaitwa pane kuyananiswa kwemavara akapararira ezvinyorwa zvitatu zvakasiyana - Hindu, Chinese uye Tibetan. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinyorwa zvisina kufanira zvakanyorwa pamakumi manomwe nemasere emarabhu emaraki, kuitira kuti muparadze chokwadi chakabatana. Kune yega yega marble slab ine rugwaro rwutsvene rwakanyorwa, tembere yakaparadzana-mbiri yakagadzirwa. Kuunganidzwa kweMini tembere (stupas) ndeye tembere yakaoma inonzi kuto-kuPayya.Izvi zvakaoma inzvimbo inoyera yevazhinji vateveri veBuddha. Iyo iri muMyanmar (Burma), muguta reMandalay. Iyo temberi yakaoma inoonekwa seiri bhuku retsiva munyika, nekuti zvinotora mazuva mazana mana nemakumi mashanu. Zvakatora makore masere ekuvaka temberi yakaoma, kubva pamitsara gumi chete yemavara matsvene yakavezwa padombo.
Mushure mechinguva, padyo neTemberi, bhuku racho rakaoma reSadmani Paymani
Muna 1900, rori rakadhindwa pabepa, zvichikonzera mavhoriyamu 38, imwe neimwe yeiyo ine mazana mana mapeji.
Mhedziso
Munhoroondo yekubuda kwemavara eBuddhist Tsvene pane imwe nguva inguva imwe chete: Ndeupi wezvinyorwa ndezvechokwadi, hazvizivikanwe. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyaya yekuti kwemakore mazhinji dzidziso iyi yakaendeswa kubva mumuromo kuenda mumuromo uye haina kunyorwa. Vakanyora zvinyorwa zvakazotevera kana njodzi yekukanganisa kwechokwadi mumishumo yeruzivo rwevateveri vazhinji veBuddha vakaoneka.
Nekudaro, zvinyorwa zvepakutanga hazvina kurarama muzuva razvino, sezvavairasikirwa zvisingaite panguva dzenguva dzeMongolian uye Muslim. Vese maraibhurari echiBhudha pamwe chete nemamongi akaputswa zvisina tsitsi. Iwo magwaro akagadzira hwaro hwekanoni yakabatana inogona kunge iine zvakakosha kukanganisa. Asi kuti vaone kuti ndedzipi dzidziso dzechokwadi dzeGautama Buddha, vazukuru havana kufanirwa.