Usuku lweGrand Duke Alexander Nevsky lusungulwa ekukhumbuleni isibalo esivelele somlando, isikhulu esikhulu seKiev, umphathi weSonto Lase-Orthodox laseRussia. Lokho okwakudume ngalo mlisa empilweni, yimiphi imingele yathuthukiswa ngememori yakhe emakhulwini eminyaka, nokuthi inani lembushe lalo ligujwa ngo-2021 - Funda kusuka kokulandelayo.
Disemba 6 Ngokusho kwekhalenda likaGregorian (noma ngoNovemba 23, uJuliansty), oneminyaka engu-1263 koMbusi omkhulu wangcwatshwa eKhisimusi-Residence (Vladimir City). Futhi kusukela ngo-1380, izingcezu zakhe ezingezona ezingapheli zatholakala kumakholwa ama-Orthodox.
Imininingwane Yomlando
Usuku lokuzalwa kombusi ongcwele ka-Alexander Nevsky, umbusi weNovgorod noMbusi Omkhulu weVladimirsky, uwe ngoMeyi 30, 1220 wesikhathi sethu. Lo mcimbi wenzeka ePereselavl-Zalessky. U-Alexander wavela emndenini waseYaroslav - indodana encane ye-vsevolod III (ebizwa ngokuthi yisidleke esikhulu) kanye ne-ryazan princess of feodosia iGorevna. Weza nengane yesibili emndenini, kodwa umdala wakhe uTheodore washona eseneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu.
Lapho umfana esemncane, umndeni wawuhlala ePereselavl-zalessky, lapho uyise ayeyinkosana yendawo. Ngendawo efanayo, le nsizwa yazithathela izikhulu ezinkomeni eziseCathedral Movider Cathedral. I-Yaroslav yathatha indodana yakhe emkhankasweni wamasosha kusukela esemncane. Ngakho-ke ngo-1235, eneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu yonke iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, le nsizwa isivele yabamba iqhaza empini eMfuleni i-Emayigi (insimu ye-Estonia yanamuhla). Lapho-ke ibutho le-Yaroslav lanqoba ukunqoba, ukunqoba ngempumelelo amabutho aseJalimane.
Thola ukuthi yini elindelwe namuhla - i-horoscope yanamuhla kuzo zonke izibonakaliso ze-zodiac
Izicelo eziningi zababhalisile, silungiselele uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-horoscope olunembile lwefoni ephathekayo. Izibikezeli zizofika ukuze uthole uphawu lwe-zodiac njalo ekuseni - akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphuthelwe!
Landa Mahhala: Horoscope for nsuku zonke 2020 (etholakala ku-Android)
Ngemuva konyaka, ngo-1236, i-Yaroslav iqhubekela enhlokodolobha, ishiya u-Alexander ngokuphathwa okugcwele kweNovgorod. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, ngo-1939, insizwa iyashada nendodakazi yasePolotsk Prince Bryachchloch. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunezikhathi ezinkulu zeKeevan Rus: I-Tatar-Mongolian Igo ohlangothini olusempumalanga iza ezweni, nebutho laseSweden namaJalimane - kanye neNtshonalanga.
U-Alexander uba ekhanda lamasosha aseRussia, afuna ukubhekana nezitha. Umlando ugcinile inkumbulo yeNevskaya War, eyenzeka ngoJulayi 15, 1240. Lapho-ke inkosana, ukuthatha iqembu elimbalwa, ihlasela amabutho omoya, yehlula ngokunqobayo futhi ikhombise isibindi esikhulu sempi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenxa yokuphela okuphumelelayo kwempi yeNevsky, usongo lokuhlaselwa kwezitha kusuka enyakatho kwabonakaliswa. Kusukela lapho, u-Alexandra waqala ukubiza uNevsky.
Kwakungemva kwempi yaseNevsky lapho ithonya lezepolitiki lenkosana liyanda. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuhlobo bakhe nabafana buyanda, ngenxa yama-skirmish nabo, kufanele ashiye noNovgorod. Kodwa-ke, lapho uLivonia Knights ehlasela idolobha ngo-1241, ama-Novgods usango umjaho ku-Alexander amcele ukuba asiza. Isikhulu siyavuma, sisheshe siqoqe amabutho futhi sisakaze nabahlaseli.
Ebusika ngo-1242, ukhulula i-PSKOV, kwathi ngo-Ephreli 5, lowo nyaka ushaya amabutho ama-crusaders esontweni lasechibini. Akumangazi ukuthi inkazimulo yombusi ophumelelayo, onqobayo wezimpi eziningi udlulela kuwo wonke amandla.
U-Alexander Nevsky nenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yezwe banaka: Wabandakanyeka ekuqinisweni kwemingcele esenyakatho nentshonalanga yamandla. Kuze kube manje, uthumela amanxusa waso eNorway, efuna ukusayinwa kwesivumelwano sokuqala esinokuthula phakathi kweRussia kanye ne-Motherland yamaViking (kwenzeka ngo-1251). Ngakho-ke, lapho kuzoya eFinland, lapho kulwa khona ngempumelelo namaSweden, azama ukuntshontsha ukufinyelela koLwandle lweBaltic ngoRus (kwenzeka ngo-1256).
Ngokuqondene nokuxhumana nama-Tatar-Mongols, u-Alexander wasebenza lapha ngobunono futhi ngobuhlakani. Ngo-1249, uyenqaba isimemo sikaPapa Ongenacala wesine ukwamukela inkolo yamaKatolika, kanye nasekuhlanganisweni kokulwa ne-igom. Ngo-1252, isikhulu sithola ilebula laseKhan nge-Grand Duchy yeVladimirsky.
Kufanele alwe nezihlubuki ezibhikishelwa ukumelana ne-horde Census, abaqoqi bakaDanina, ngasikhathi sinye abavumeli ukuhanjiswa kwe-tatar-mongol ku-kievan rus. Ngasikhathi sinye, umbusi uyakufuna ngokungakhathali izinzuzo zezepolitiki ezibalulekile. Ngakho-ke ngemuva kokuhambela kwakhe okune eya eHorde, umthwalo wemfanelo weRusich waqedwa ukuba abe ohlangothini lwababusi bakaTatar, lapho bexabana nabantu abahlukahlukene.
Ukufa kombusi ohlakaniphile ngoNovemba 27 (Isitayela Esisha noma uNovemba 14 - Kukhalenda likaJulian) oneminyaka eyi-1263. Umphefumulo wenkosana uthole ukuthula edolobheni, okuseduze noVladimir. Kwenzekile ngemuva kolunye ukuvakashela i-horde yegolide. Ngaphambi nje kokuba afe, u-Alexander wathola ikhefu ezimoni, wabelwa igama elithi Alexy.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngo-1547, ngesinqumo seKhathedrali laseMoscow, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia labulawa yiSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, liyamnika le ndwangu.
Ekwindla ka-1724, umbusi uPeter the Great unikeza umyalo wokuhambisa izinsalela zeSt. Alexander enhlokodolobha yasenyakatho (iSt. Petersburg) kanye nendawo e-Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Lapho, njengamanje zigcinwa eLavrovsky Cathedral, ngomdlavuza wesiliva, uhulumeni ka-Elizabeth Petrovna anikele ngazo.
AmaKhristu ama-Orthodox akhonza i-Great Alexander Yaroslavovich, kanye nabaphostoli abaseBhayibhelini uPawulu noPhetro, njengomvikeli wasezulwini waseSt. Petersburg. Inhlayiya yezidumbu zakhe yathunyelwa edolobheni laseSofia (inhloko-dolobha yaseBulgaria), lapho baphikelela khona ethempelini, babiza udumo lwabangcwele. Futhi isikhulu saseMysietician safika e-Assuse Cathedral (Vladimir City).
Kuyathakazelisa! ERussia kuya ku-Great Okthoba Revolution ngo-1725, kwadalwa umyalo omkhulu we-Great Commandemer.
Yini inombolo yenkosana u-Alexander Nevsky ngo-2021?
Okomnyaka, amaKristu akhonza inkosana engcwele u-Alexander Nevsky amahlandla amaningi:- Iholide lokuqala liwela ngoSepthemba 12 - Lapho-ke izinsalela zakhe zihlehlisiwe eSt.
- Umgubho wesibili uwela ngoDisemba 6 - usuku lokungcwatshwa kwesikhulu eVladimir;
- Usafunda ngoDisemba 1 - Emkhosini weKhathedrali lamazwe aseSoints Estonia, ngoba u-Alexander wafaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kokholo lwe-Orthodox e-Estonia ngama-Baltic States;
- Futhi ngoJuni 5 - Iholide lesonto lesonto laseRostov-Yaroslavl Saints ligujwa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu yizinsuku ezimbili zokuqala zemikhosi, ikakhulukazi ikhomba inombolo Disemba 6 . Onke amaholide akhe akayona izinguquko - okungukuthi, azishintshi izinsuku zazo zekhalenda.
Amasiko eholide
Ngokukhumbula umbusi omkhulu u-Alexander Nevsky eRussia nakwezinye izindawo zaseYurophu (Bulgaria, estonia, Georgia), kwakhiwa amathempeli amaningi. Futhi emaholide akhe kukhona insizakalo enesizotha. Ekuqaleni kwesiko, abefundisi bafunda imikhuleko yokubonga kwinkosana, ngenxa yezenzo zabantu baseRussia ababengaphila ngazo ngokuthula nokuthula kwengqondo, futhi izwe laqala ukukhula, liphenduka libe yisimo esinamandla.
Futhi, wonke okholwayo angathandaza ngobuqotho kosanta, acele ukusekela ukwesekwa ebunzimeni obuhlukahlukene obubalulekile. Kukholakala ukuthi u-Alexander Nevsky ubusisa amaqhawe enkonzo yezempi ephumelelayo, ngakho-ke amadoda athandaza kuye, afuna ukungazi ukunqotshwa. Futhi imithandazo yasanta yenzelwe ukuvikela izwe lesiRussia ezimpini, ubunzima obuhlukile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthula nenhlala-kahle kubo.
Izindaba eziningi zisindile futhi zilulaphu okumangalisayo ngisho nasezifo ezibucayi, lapho umuthi osemthethweni wahluleka usizo. Izingcweli zenkosana ebusisiwe nazo zisusa imiphumela emibi yemilingo (iso elibi, ukulimala), hlanza umzimba womuntu kusuka kwezinye izinto. Into esemqoka, ephendukela ukusiza, ukugcina ukholo oluqotho emphefumulweni futhi luhlanzekile kuphela, imicabango emihle ekhanda.
Ngokwesiko ezinsukwini zokuhlonipha inkumbulo ngo-Alexander Nevsky, amakholwa kufanele eze endaweni lapho kungcwatshwa khona - okungukuthi, edolobheni laseSt. Petersburg, ku-Alexander-Nevkaya Lavra, ukuthandaza kosanta bakhe. Indawo yesibili ethandwayo yabahambi evela kuwo wonke umhlaba iyintombi ntombi-kesikhamu kaKhisimusi, lapho isikhulu sangcwatshwa ekuqaleni.
Lapho wonke umuntu uzothola ukwesekwa kunoma yimiphi imizamo. Awekho amanye amasiko akhethekile noma okunqatshelwe okuhlobene neholide.
Ekugcineni, phequlula ividiyo ngesihloko: