I-Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) kwakungudokotela we-neuropathologist, udokotela wezifo zengqondo kanye nodokotela wezengqondo, umsunguli omuhle, umsunguli wethiyori ye-psychoanalysis.
Kepha akuyena wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi umkhulu we-psychoanalysis, njengoba ejwayele ukumbiza, wanaka kakhulu iqhaza lamaphupho empilweni yomuntu. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1900, umhlaba wabona "iphupho Freud". Uma unentshisekelo yokwazi zonke izici zale ncwadi, bheka isihloko esilandelayo.
Ukuhunyushwa kwephupho kuFreud: Ukuhunyushwa kwamaphupho
Thola ukuthi yini elindelwe namuhla - i-horoscope yanamuhla kuzo zonke izibonakaliso ze-zodiacIzicelo eziningi zababhalisile, silungiselele uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-horoscope olunembile lwefoni ephathekayo. Izibikezeli zizofika ukuze uthole uphawu lwe-zodiac njalo ekuseni - akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphuthelwe!
Landa Mahhala: Horoscope for nsuku zonke 2020 (etholakala ku-Android)
Lapho udokotela wezengqondo efunda i-hysteria, wayenomqondo wokufunda inqubo engaqondakali yokulala. Ngenxa yalokho, wabeka phambili umbono wezifiso ezingagcwaliseki, ezivame ukususwa ngenxa yokwazi komuntu, iya esifundeni sangazi lutho, lapho zithonya khona.
Ingazi yindawo ye-psyche, engabonakali ekwazini, kepha inethonya eliqinile lokuthi umuntu ucabanga futhi aziphathe kanjani empilweni. Inqubo yokwakha ubuqili ithinta ukukhuliswa okutholakele ekulimaleni kwengqondo yobuntwana nokufakwa kabi.
Cabanga ngesibonelo esithile: Ake sithi emndenini wentombazane, uBaba waziholela ngamandla amakhulu, ngokuqiniseka, akazange ahloniphe umama. Lapho-ke ngokuzayo uzokhetha ngokungazi abamele ubulili obuqinile ngemodeli efanayo yokuziphatha. Yize kunjalo, uye wagxila ekhanda - indoda kumele ibe yinhloko yomndeni.
Izifiso ezilahliwe zifuna ukufeza ukufeza nje umkhakha wokwazi, ziqala ukungqubuzana nokufakwa kwamazi futhi kwesinye isikhathi zinqotshwe, ngokwesibonelo, lapho umuntu esesimweni sokulala.
Futhi ngesisekelo salokhu, uma kuyiqiniso ukunquma iphupho, ungathola ukuthi yikuphi ukuzihlangenwe nakho okungazi kokucindezelwa komuntu.
Ngakho-ke, umhumushi wamaphupho uFreud wayebaluleke kakhulu kwezengqondo. Uveze ukuthi indle yalobusuku akunangqondo, kepha imelela isifiso sokulimaza, kodwa ngefomu elihlanekezelwe, elifihliwe.
Uhlobo oludumile "Ukuhunyushwa kwamaphupho" kubhalwe kaninginingi, futhi wabhekelwa kufaneleka umgogodla omkhulu wamakhulu amabili eminyaka. Kuliqiniso, kuyamangaza ukuthi ukuthandwa kwale ncwadi kwafika kungekudala, futhi ekuqaleni incwadi yamaphupho yatholwa ipholile.
Ukuhunyushwa kwamaphupho ngoFreud: Izimiso eziyisisekelo
Ubaba we-psychoanalysis wabela amalungiselelo anjalo enqubweni yokuthola imfihlo yokuqonda:
- Okuvele kushiwo - ukulala kungukufaka esikhundleni okuhlanekezelwe kwesifiso esithile esicindezelekile, ukufakwa. Ephusheni, lokhu kuhlukana okungazi lutho ngesimo sezithombe ezahlukahlukene nezimpawu.
- Owesibili - uFreud wayekholelwa ukuthi amaphupho asiza umuntu ukuba azizwe ekhululekile futhi ezolile. Ngomqondo webhayoloji, ukulala kuyiholide lomzimba, ukubuyisela amabutho.
Futhi kusukela esimweni se-psychology ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu usesimweni, esifana kakhulu ne-intrauterine, lapho kukhona induduzo ephelele nokuthula okuphelele. Futhi uma kuphanjulwa ngokungeziwe, njengoba izifiso zalo ezingazi lutho zifakwa empilweni, zizwa ukuvumelana kweqiniso, umuzwa wenjabulo.
- Okwesithathu, ukuthi uFreudu wakhuluma ngani, - ongazi lutho emele amasiginali awo ngendlela yezimpawu ezithile, izithombe ezibalulekile ukukwazi ukuhumusha kahle. Kulokhu, indlela yomuntu ngamunye ibaluleke kakhulu.
Yize kunjalo, abantu ababili abahlukahlukene babona uphawu olufanayo, ngokwesibonelo, imbiza yekhofi ihluke ngokuphelele. Futhi lapho iSigmund icelwa ukuba ikhanyise ukuthi ingabe yabo yasakazwa, wayehlala ebuza umbuzo owodwa:
"Imiphi imicabango eza engqondweni yakho ngale ndaba (noma izehlakalo)?"
Kuliqiniso, ngemuva kwalokho, usosayensi uyaqonda ukuthi abanye abalingiswa banencazelo efanayo kubantu abahlukile. Ngakho-ke, inquma ukudala incwadi yakho edumile yamaphupho.
Namuhla, ukushicilelwa kuyatholakala kuwo wonke umuntu ofuna - kungathengwa esitolo sezincwadi, noma uthole "iphupho Freud: Ukuhunyushwa kwamaphupho" mahhala online kwi-Intanethi.
Izinhlobo zamaphupho eFreud
Ngokusho kwe-psychoanalyst enkulu, kunezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zamaphupho:- Kucace - ungabangeli ubunzima kwinqubo yokuhlehlisa kwabo.
- Amahhashi anengqondo, kepha amahhashi asebusuku obujwayelekile - entweni abacacile, kepha uzungu lwawo kunzima ukuluhlanganisa nalokho okwenzekayo empilweni yangempela.
- Amaphupho anqabile, ahlanganisiwe - ukuze akuqonde akunakwenzeka. Yimikhakha yamaphupho okugcina afanele ukukhokha ukunakwa okwengeziwe - imvamisa imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana nephupho, impilo yakhe, izehlakalo zesikhathi esizayo, njll. Imvamisa zibethelwe kuzo.
Ayini amaphupho amaphupho ahlukene ngokusho kwethiyori kaFreud?
Kungenzeka kube nombuzo onengqondo impela: "Uma konke kubhaliwe ngenhla kuyafana nangempela, umuntu ngempela angabona izifiso zakhe ezifihliwe ephusheni, kungani ngezikhathi ezithile zibona amaphupho amabi, amaphupho, angahambisani noma aphazamisayo?"
Kuthakazelisa ngokwengeziwe lapha. Ngakho-ke, uFreud wakhuluma ngalesi sibalo ukuthi ebusuku, ephusheni, ukuqashelwa komuntu kulahlekelwa ukuqaphela, kodwa nokho, njengomlindi, "kuseposini lakhe". Futhi ngisho nasesimweni sokulala, umuntu angazisola noma ukucasulwa okuhambisana nemizwa yakhe ebonakalayo nezifiso zakhe.
Ukukuvikela, ukungazi lutho kubangela ukwazi ukudala imidwebo ehlukene engenamqondo, kuyesabisa kuze kube sekufeni noma ukuphoqa ukukhala okuyize ngemuva kokuvuka. Okusho ukuthi, ugxile esithombeni sephupho, ungazizwa ukukhathazeka ngezifiso zakho eziboniswe ngeveli. Lolu uhlobo lokuyekethisa kokwazi kanye nokuqonda.
Yini ukubona iphupho le-alamu kuFreud?
Ngokwehlukana, i-Sigmund Freud yabelwe amaphupho aphazamisayo aphazamisayo. Ngalo i-psychoanalyst yathi yenza njengomphumela wokufihla okusezingeni eliphakeme lapho isivuno sezifiso ezicindezelekile senzeka cishe ebusweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, wababiza umkhiqizo wama-pulses acindezelekile ngokobulili. Lapha ngifuna ukukhumbula abagxeki abaningi be-theory kaFreud, okwenzayo ngokuqhathanisa kwazo zonke izimpawu ephusheni noma ngowesifazane, noma ngezitho zangasese zesilisa.
Ukucabanga kososayensi kwabathonya kakhulu ngesikhathi asiphile. Yize kunjalo, inkathi yeVictorian yaziwa ngesimo sakhe sengqondo sokucabanga ukuthanda injabulo. UFreud wanquma ukubhikisha ngokufakwa okunjalo, ngakho-ke ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngezimpawu zocansi kuyaqondakala impela.
Imibono eminingi yezengqondo, ikakhulukazi, kanye nemibono yamaphupho ngekusasa imbangela ukungathandi. Yize kunjalo, kuyo yonke uFreud, kugcinwe ngokunxusa umhanjiswa ngokobulili kuphela, futhi konke kubhala ubulili obucindezelekile bomuntu nezifiso zakhe eziyimfihlo.
Ukuhunyushwa okuzimele kwamaphupho emcabangweni kaFreud
Manje ake sibhekane nendlela yokuthola kahle lokho okushiwo ubusuku bakho kusho uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa ithuba lencwadi yephupho likaFreud.
Umthetho Oyisisekelo Omkhulu - Zembula inani lezinhlamvu ezithile, futhi uqonde lonke uzungu lulonke.
Lapho umuntu elele, zonke izihlungi zokuwazisa ngokuphelele (noma cishe ngokuphelele) zinqanyuliwe, futhi ukungazi lutho kuqala ukusebenza ngekhoyili ephelele.
Zonke izimpawu emaflekhwini obusuku zibhalwe ezimisweni ezilandelayo:
- I-Dreame, isifiso noma sesaba ukuthi ifisa ukukhombisa ukulala kukhethwe kungazi lutho;
- Ngemuva kwalokho kwenzeka 'ukufaka ikhomisela' ezifanekisweni ezithile zenhlangano;
- Izimpawu zixubene nomunye, ngakho-ke kuvame amaphupho abukeka engenangqondo futhi angaziwa ngokuphelele.
Kuyavela ukuthi obonayo akhombisa ukulala okusobala okusobala okwakhiwa ngezithombe ezixubekile. Futhi okumangalisayo, kepha imvamisa umuntu uzizwa ukwaneliseka ngombono onjalo ebusuku, ngoba ngephupho izifiso ezisondele kakhulu zenziwa, ama-phobias ahlukile anqotshwa. Futhi ngakusasa ekuseni, lapho ukwazi kwethulwa, ukulala kungadala ukumangala, ngoba kubukeka njengokuthile okumangazayo, okungaqondakali.
USigmund Freud wayeqiniseka ukuthi akukho lutho oluyingozi empilweni. Yonke imicabango kanye nezenzo zinomthelela wezingxabano ezingezansi ezivuselelwa ubudlova, izifiso zocansi nokoma kwenjabulo.
I-Psychoanalystst ibikholelwa ukuthi umuntu kufanele afunde ukufela imvelo yakhe engokomzimba uma efuna ukuhlala emphakathini ophucukile. Futhi njengoba abantu abaningi bengazi ukuthi bazisuse ngokuphelele, bashayela ekutholeni.
Ake sithi uthathe isinqumo sokuxazulula iphupho lakho ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini ukungazi ukuthi ikutshele yona. Kwathi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuka, landela lezi zenzo:
- Ukuvuka kokuphuma, bhala ephepheni konke okubonile ebusuku. Ngemuva kwalokho ngeke ukhohlwe imininingwane ephusheni, futhi emva kwakho konke, lapho unquma, bonke babaluleke kakhulu.
- Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ubhale phansi izinhlamvu eziphambili kusuka esitaki se-Sleep. Ngokuphambene nalokho, bhala ukuthi uhlotshaniswa nabo. Futhi ungacabangi kakhulu - indlela yokuqala eyafika engqondweni ivame ukuba yiqiniso.
- Sebenzisa amathuba okuthi ama-Freud anikezayo encwadini yakho yamaphupho. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umuntu ubhekene nokwesaba noma amahloni aqinile emicabangweni nasezifisweni eza ekhanda lakhe, ayikwazi ukubabona ngokungananazi. Kulapha ukusiza nokuza ukutolika kwe-Master of Psychoanalysis.
- Ekugcineni, kuyadingeka ukusonga zonke izimpawu zamaphupho esithombeni esisodwa. Qala ukukhumbula okwenzekile ngezimpawu esizeni sokulala - ukuze ukwazi ukubona zonke izibonakaliso zokuqonda kwakho.
Vele, ekuqaleni inqubo yokuhunyushwa kwamaphupho kunzima. Kepha ngokuzijwayeza njalo, uzokwakha ukuqonda okunembile, okusho ukuthi noma yisiphi isithombe kusuka ebuthongweni. Kubalulekile ukwenza okugxile kakhulu emizweni yakho yangasese futhi ungahlali ugxile emaphusheni, ukwethemba okwengeziwe kwangaphakathi kwakho "Mina".