Izinqubo zokuqonda izinqubo zengqondo eziqinisekisa ulwazi olunengqondo lomhlaba. Zivela igama lesiLatini elithi "cognitio" - okungukuthi, ulwazi, ukutadisha, ulwazi. Sizokhuluma kabanzi ngabo kule ndatshana.
Yini izinqubo zokuqonda
Nsuku zonke ubuchopho bomuntu kufanele baphathe imininingwane enkulu, kuziphi izinqubo zengqondo ezimsizayo.Ngenxa yobuchopho, sinethuba lokwazi izwe elizungezile.
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Ake sibheke isibonelo esithile. Uhleli futhi ubuke i-movie, nge-hobby edonsela emqondweni walokho okwenzekayo, ungazizwa kanjani umsindo ongaziwa uvela emgwaqweni onjengeqhuma. Ngabe uyaqhubeka nokubuka i-TV, noma ngabe kwenzeka kanjani, noma ushaya iwindi ukuze ubheke, kwenzekani? Ngokwemvelo, inketho yesibili.
Ingqondo yakho izoshintshela ngokushesha imininingwane emisha ukuze uthole ukuthi ayisebenzi yini ukusongela kuwe. Kulokhu, izinqubo zokuqonda zibhekele.
Ngenxa yezinqubo zengqondo ezivumelanayo, umuntu uyakwazi ukuhlola ngokwanele okwenzekayo ngendlela efanelekile ngokuphendula. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uvumelane kahle nezimo ezihlukile.
Inqubo yengqondo ingaba zombili ngokuhlangana futhi zenzeke ngokuzimela.
Ngubani ofunda izinqubo zokuqonda? AmaLinguists, izazi zezenhlalo, ama-neurologists, ama-anthropologists kanye nezazi zefilosofi. I-Psychology inomkhakha ohlukile wokufunda lezi zinqubo ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-psychology yengqondo.
Izinhlobo
Manje sizobhekana nokuthi hlobo luni lwezinqubo zengqondo.
Izindlela ezibalulekile (eziphansi) zokuqonda
Kuvezwa:Umuzwa nokuqonda
Sihlala sithinta izisusa ezahlukahlukene kanye nezimpawu ezenza okuthile zizizwe. Imizwa isebenza njengethuluzi elengeziwe lolwazi lweqiniso elizungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangaqhubeka bobabili kusuka ngaphandle nasekujuleni kwethu.
I-Gestalt-Psychologists yabandakanyeka ekutadisheni okuningiliziwe umbono womhlaba ngomuntu. Zasungulwa yimithetho yeGetshatta, ngakho-ke umbono walokho okwenzekayo ngokukhohlisa okubonakalayo kwachazwa.
Ukuqaphela
Siphila emhlabeni wolwazi futhi sithathe amasiginali nezinkuthazo eziningi nsuku zonke, ngenkathi sinaka lokho esibhekene nakho okunentshisekelo kakhulu.
Ngezenzo eziningi, njengokuhamba noma ukuhlafuna, asidingi ukunakwa. Kepha kuzothatha ukugxila okukhulu kulokho esikushoyo nokuthi kwethulwa kanjani, uma, ngokwesibonelo, kuyadingeka ukukhuluma esidlangalaleni.
Umzuzu ovumayo - ngokuphindaphinda okuhlelekile kwezinqubo ezithile, baba okuzenzakalelayo. Isibonelo, uma ekuqaleni sinzima ukubhekana nokushayela kwemoto, khona-ke amakhono athuthukile futhi wenziwa "emshinini", ngenxa yalokho esichithwe kugesi kakhulu.
Ukukhumbula
Emkhumbuleni, izimpendulo zigcinwa ngemibuzo engenakubalwa evela empilweni. Siyabonga, sibethela imininingwane ngaphandle futhi sikugcine, lapho udinga ukubuyisela.Imemori ingaba izinhlobo ezahlukene: izinzwa, isikhathi esifushane, ezisebenzayo, i-autobiographical nokunye. Zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezixhumana nomunye, kepha wonke umuntu uvela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zobuchopho.
Ephakeme (izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuqonda)
Kuvezwa:
Ingqondo (ubuhlakani)
Ingqondo isebenza njengeqoqo lamakhono asiza ukuxazulula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Kulezi zinsuku, umbono wobuhlakani obuningi uGardner wasikisela ukuthandwa okukhulu kakhulu. Ngokusho kwakhe, alukho uhlobo lwengqondo olulodwa, futhi ezimweni ezihlukile umuntu usebenzisa amakhono ahlukile, aqhamuka nalokho okwenzekayo.Abantu abanobuhlakani bayenzeka kwizimpawu ezithile zokuhlonza okuthile. Kepha ubuhlakani bungathuthukiswa, kunezindlela eziningana zalokhu.
Cabangela
Imicabango yomuntu iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ihlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokucabanga, singakwazi ukuxazulula ubunzima obuhlukahlukene, ukucabanga, ukwenza izinqumo, cabanga ukudala, ngokunengqondo, nokunye.
Ukwenza lula lezi zinqubo ebuchosheni bethu, imicabango idaliwe ngezinqumo. Umsebenzi wethu ukuhlanganisa imibono, izinto, abantu, njll., Okusheshisa kuthinta izinqubo zengqondo.
Kepha esifisweni sokuthola umbono, umuntu uvame ukukhohlwa ngokungenacala kwakhe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, sisebenzisa kuphela izinqamuleli ukusheshisa ukucabanga, kepha ngokuya ngomphumela, asihlazizi lonke ulwazi! Ngenxa yalokho, kuphakama ubandlululo lokuqonda, ukuphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile.
Ngenxa yokubandlululwa kwengqondo, ukuhlanekezela kwengqondo, imicabango emibi nengenangqondo eletha ukuhlupheka okuningi kuyakhula. Isibonelo, "Akekho ongithandayo", "Ngizohlala ngingedwa" njalonjalo.
Ngenhlanhla, umuntu unamandla phezu kwemicabango yakhe, hhayi wonke umuntu uyabona futhi akuyena wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuyisebenzisa kahle.
Intshumayelo
Ubuchopho bomuntu buzalela futhi baqonde amagama ahlukile, imisindo, kuhlanganisa inani elithambekele lezinhlamvu ezineziphakamiso zokuveza imicabango nemizwa yethu. Abanye abantu ngasikhathi sinye bakhuluma ngezilimi eziningana (ama-polyglots).Inkulumo iyakhula futhi yathuthuka yonke impilo. Yize ngokuzalwa, sonke sinamakhono okuxhumana ahlukile, angathuthuka uma enza isikhathi eside. Lesi sakamuva sibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanokuphazamiseka kwenkulumo, ngoba bangempela uma kungasuswa ngokuphelele, kunganciphisa okungenani.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokuqonda emfundweni
Izazi zezengqondo zibandakanyeke ekuhlaziyeni izinqubo zengqondo ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yabantu. Ngamunye wethu ubalulekile ukuze uthuthukise futhi uzilawule ukuze uzuze imiphumela ethile. Izinqubo zokuqonda zisiza kanjani kulokhu?
Ekufundeni
Kunemibono eminingi yokufunda ehlukile komunye nomunye. Kepha kubo bonke (okuhlukile - umbono wokuqeqeshwa ngokubambisana) usebenzisa izinqubo zokuqonda.Ngasikhathi sinye, lapho sifundisa, zonke izinqubo zokuqonda zihlobene. Isicelo siyadingeka, ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinsiza ukwenza ngcono amakhono okufunda nokufunda kahle kunoma ngubani.
Lapho ufunda
Ngokufunda esezingeni eliphakeme, kubalulekile ukukwazi ukubheka ngokushesha izinhlamvu, ukugxila encwadini, khumbula imininingwane, uyihlobise nalokho osekuvele kwaziwa, njalonjalo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inqubo yokucubungula izohluka ngokuya ngenhloso: Ukutadisha kwe-hobby, ukulungiselela i-ego noma nje ufunde umlando ohehayo.
Lapho ubhala
Isimo sifana nezinqubo zengqondo zenzeka lapho zifunda. Kubalulekile ukuzivikela kumsindo owengeziwe, zama ukubhala ukukha phezulu, ungalahlekelwa umcabango, ulawula isipelingi, njll. Okunye futhi ngokubalulekile, ukuhlela kwalokho esikubhala ngakho.Ukwenza ngcono izinqubo zokuqonda
Umzuzu omuhle ukuthi izinqubo zengqondo zingathuthukiswa, futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Sebenzisa amathuba alandelayo ukuthuthukisa ubuchopho bakho.
Bukela impilo
Ngendlela esizizwa ngayo ngokwemvelo nemicabango, izinqubo zokuqonda zithonywa kakhulu. Imilutha ethe xaxa ithinta kabi impilo yengqondo, ifaka isandla ekwehleni kokukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi.Lokhu kungabikwa njengokulutha okungenampilo kocingo oluphathekayo, ukunamathela ekuphathweni kwezindaba ze-Instagram, ukwenqatshwa kosuku olunempilo, ukudla okuyingozi nezinye izinto eziningi.
Sebenzisa inqubekela phambili yezobuchwepheshe ukuze uzuze
Inzuzo manje izindlela ezihlukene kakhulu zokuthuthukisa ubuhlakani: Imidlalo ehlakaniphile, ngokwesibonelo. Ngenxa ye-neurosis, siqala ukuqonda kangcono okwenzekayo ebuchosheni bethu.
Ngifuna ukusho i-toss yesikhulumi ye-inthanethi. Kusayithi lakhe uzothola ukuhlolwa okuningi kwengqondo, ukuzivocavoca, imidlalo evumela ukuthi ulinganise kahle futhi uvuselele amakhono akho okuqonda.
Umgubho wokunqoba
Kubalulekile ukuba ungazithuthukisi nje, kodwa futhi nokuziveza njalo udumo ngomsebenzi owenziwe. Lungisa nsuku zonke inqubekela phambili yakho encane nenkulu, uqiniseke ukuthi uziveza ubonga futhi uqhubeke nokukhula.
Nakekela ukucabanga okubucayi
Ukucabanga okubucayi kuyingxenye ephoqelekile yomuntu ngamunye wabantu abadala nobuntu abanekhono. Ngibonga yena, sithola ithuba lokuthuthukisa amandla okubonisa, feza ukuxhumana phakathi kwemicabango, thuthukisa amakhono okukhuluma, senze ukuhlaziya okujulile okwenzekayo nokunye.Ukukhombisa ngokugcwele amandla akho, kubalulekile ukuba nelukuluku kakhulu.
Kulula kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga okubucayi ebuntwaneni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cela ingane umbuzo wokuthi kungani umuntu ephuma ngakho, hhayi ngenye indlela, ukuphakamisa ukujoyina ingxabano nengane enesikhundla esihlukile.
Ebudaleni, kubalulekile futhi ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga okubucayi, ngoba lokhu kufanele uhlaziye njalo imininingwane engenayo ngesihloko esingokoqobo.
Funda
Phambilini, bekuvele kuchaziwe ukuthi ukufundwa kubandakanya izinqubo zengqondo zigcwele. Futhi nokho, ukufunda okuthile okujabulisayo, sithola injabulo yangempela futhi sifunde imininingwane emisha, yandise indawo yethu. Ukufunda kunomthelela omuhle ekuxazululeni imisebenzi kanye nokwenza ngcono amakhono okuxhumana.
Yenza ubuhlakani
Ukudweba, ukudala izindaba, ukubhala izingoma, izinkondlo zokubhala, ukuthwebula izithombe ... umuntu ubalulekile ukuba nesifundo esithile sokudala "umphefumulo". Futhi amadiphozithi wokudala anawo ngamunye wethu, hhayi nje wonke umuntu obhalwe phansi.Kuyini ubuciko obusebenzayo? Ithuthukisa izinqubo zokuqonda, inomthelela omuhle ku-intelligence, ithuthukisa ukuqwashisa, inomthelela ekutholeni amasu okungejwayelekile okuxazulula izinkinga, ukuphumula futhi yenza ubuchopho buveze i-hormone yenjabulo nenjabulo - endorphin!
Ngitshele "cha" multitasking
Ngeshwa, ezweni lanamuhla, umuntu uvame ukungabi nesikhathi sokufeza yonke imisebenzi yakhe. Lapho-ke lesi sinqumo "sokusindisa" sikhumbula - ukuqala ukwenza izinto eziningi khona lapho ukuze zithole ngokushesha. Impela asikho isidingo sokuchaza ukuthi i-multitask eyimpumelelo inengozi kanjani futhi iyingozi! Ikakhulukazi kuletha ukulimala ezinganeni.
Ngempela, ubuchopho bomuntu yinto emangalisayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, siyakwazi ukubuka i-movie ngasikhathi sinye, siphendule umyalezo futhi sihlanganyele ekulungiseleleni umbiko osebenzayo. Kepha ubuqili be-munnitascusciation ngulo, ukwenza izinto eziningi ngaso leso sikhathi, ngeke senze noma yini yazo. Futhi ngicimi kahle.
Kudala isazi sezengqondo satshelwa ukuthi ukuze sijabulele ngokugcwele impilo, kubalulekile ukuthi uphile ngesikhathi samanje, ungagxumela esikhathini esizayo futhi ungabuyeli phambilini. Uma ubhekene nobunzima obunokuhlushwa, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuzindla zizosiza.
Namathela kulezi zincomo, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuzithuthukisa nsuku zonke!
Futhi ekugcineni, phequlula itimu roller: