I-Persianism eRussia iyinhlanganisela yemibono yangaphambi kobuKristu mayelana nomhlaba kanye nobuntu, ababenamathela kumaSlav wasendulo. Wayeyinkolo esemthethweni neyinhloko esimweni esidala saseRussia kuze kube ngu-988, lapho ubhapathizo laseRussia lubhapathizwa.
Kodwa ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engama-50 yekhulu le-13, abantu baqhubeka ngasese banamathela ebuqabani, bengakunaki imivimbo ye-elite ebusayo. Futhi ngisho nalapho ubuhedeni beSlavic buthatha indawo ngokuphelele ukholo lobuKristu, amanye amasiko nezinkolelo aqhubeka nokuthonya izici zesiko leSlavic, amasiko nempilo ephelele. Kulezi zinsuku, kunokuvuselelwa okuyingxenye kolwazi lobuqaba.
Izici zeRussia yasendulo
Thola ukuthi yini elindelwe namuhla - i-horoscope yanamuhla kuzo zonke izibonakaliso ze-zodiacIzicelo eziningi zababhalisile, silungiselele uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-horoscope olunembile lwefoni ephathekayo. Izibikezeli zizofika ukuze uthole uphawu lwe-zodiac njalo ekuseni - akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphuthelwe!
Landa Mahhala: Horoscope for nsuku zonke 2020 (etholakala ku-Android)
Sifinyelele imininingwane emincane kakhulu ngezinkolo zamadlozi: izindinyana zokuqala zolwazi mayelana namaSlavs zixoxa ngemithombo ebhaliwe yekhulu lesi-6, lapho zihlangana nombuso weByzantine. Iningi lazo zonke laziwa ngoNkulunkulu odala weSlavic wasePeren, owayesePantheon Pagtheon ephethe indima yeRuzhozhysy, uNkulunkulu wombani kanye nempi.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi athi le mibono elandelayo ye-Praslavyansky:
- Umoya, umphefumulo;
- Nava (umhlaba wabafileyo, ufile);
- IPharadesi (ukukalwa okukodwa);
- IVolkolak (werewolf);
- Ghoul (igazi);
- UTrebha (umhlatshelo).
Kubuhedeni, umqondo wokuthi umphefumulo uhlukile kakhulu konamuhla, kobuKristu. Ngakho-ke, umphefumulo waboniswa hhayi njengebhizinisi lezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa wamelwa ngesimo somuntu uqobo, ngemuva kokushona kukaNavi.
Izici ezithile
Izici eziningana eziyisisekelo ze-Paganism njengohlelo lokubukwa komhlaba, okungukuthi:
- Okhokho bethu baphathwa ngokomoya ngamandla emvelo, babakhulekela;
- bahlonipha inkumbulo yabazukulu bakhe;
- bakholelwa emandleni akwamanye amazwe, okwenzeka empilweni yomuntu futhi alithinte ngqo;
- baqiniseka ukuthi ngosizo lomlingo, umthelela wezinhlobo ezithile zamandla ungashintshelwa impilo yawo ngendlela efanele;
- Izifo eziphulukisiwe zisebenzisa imikhuleko nezindlela zomuthi wemvelo.
Njengoba zingekho imibhalo eyiqiniso yezinganekwane, khona-ke lonke ulwazi mayelana nobuqaba lwama-slavs luhlinzekwa kuphela kwimithombo yesibili: Idatha ebhalwe kabusha kanye ne-Book Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqhathanisa idatha yeSlavic nedatha yezitshalo zonke ze-Indo-European (Baltic, Iranian, isiJalimane nabanye).
Ngasikhathi sinye, okuthembekile kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi "kwesimanje" (okubangelwa emakhulwini eminyaka angu-19 kuya kwangama-20) wobufakazi bemicikilisho yobuhedeni yolimi, imvelo ye-egnographic kanye nesintu.
Isimo Sengqondo Ngokubhekelwa Kuzo Onkulunkulu
Ngemuva kokuhlola imininingwane yobuciko, futhi wajwayelana nemithombo ebhaliwe, siyabona ukuthi amaSlav asendulo adala amabala onkulunkulu babo (abizwa ngokuthi izithombe). Izinto zokukhiqiza ezisetshenzisiwe ngokhuni nangetshe. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunesici ukuthi izithombe zesigaba sangasempumalanga amaSlav zazilula, zinobudlova, futhi ziba nzima ngokwengeziwe.
Ukukhulekelwa phambi kwezithombe kwenziwa ku-Exploes evulekile (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Kapieff). Njengomthetho, esikhundleni samathempeli, ama-slavs aya ehlathini. Okuhlukile kungamaqaba asentshonalanga kuphela. Kuliqiniso, kukhona inguqulo amathempeli ayengokhuni futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayewa nje, ngaphandle kokushiya umkhondo.
Odongeni benziwa amasiko ahlukahlukene okukhuleka phambi kwezithombe. Indlu engcwele yayivame ukushaywa, futhi imisele yashiswa phezu kwazo, okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo. Imininingwane evela kwincwadi yeziKronike ikhuluma ngePerunis Multiple, eyayikuNovgorod, kanye naku-perch. Kunemibono ababeyitholwe ngezikhathi zaseSoviet, kodwa yacasha kahle leli qiniso elivela kubantu. Kokutholwa okuthunyelwe okukhushulwe, ungakhuluma ngesikhungo se-zbruch colk.
Manje imibono ivame ukuvela ngokuthi ukungcweliswa kwama-slavs asenyakatho nentshonalanga kwakukhona amagquma, okuyisikhumbuzo semizwa. ISopgia iyindunduma eyenziwe emathuneni. Kunoma ikuphi, i-Embankment yaba nomsebenzi wesiko ngaphezu komngcwabo. Ezinye zezidumbu zendlu engcwele enjalo zingatholakala ePerch. Kepha amaSlav awakhothamela nje kuphela ezithombeni, kwathi ngisho nangaphambi kwamatshe angcwele.
Incwadi ebhalwe nguMetropolitan Makaria Tsar uvan Grozny ngo-1534 iyathakazelisa. Kufundwa ngokulondolozwa kwesifo esibi "esibi esibi" kuze kube ukubusa kwePrince Vasily Ivanovich. Kusakhuluma ngokusetshenziswa kwemikhuleko "amahlathi kanye namatshe nemifula kanye namaxhaphozi, imithombo nezintaba namagquma, ilanga nezinyanga."
Isiyakululwane
Ngokusho kwabanye ososayensi, umholi (ephethe isikhundla sePrince) kumaSlavs asendulo aphethwe yimisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezenkolo, yezenkolo kanye nezenkolo ngasikhathi sinye.
Kakade engxenyeni yesibili yeminyaka eyi-1 yeminyaka, inkathi yethu, ama-slavs ahlala endaweni eningi, ngakho-ke kunomehluko ekuthuthukisweni kwabo komphakathi:
- Izakhamizi ezifundeni eziseningizimu Kuvela ukuthi kungaphansi kwethonya elinamandla lombuso weByzantine (ikakhulukazi, inkolo yobuKristu), ngakho-ke kuqedwa kancane kancane kubo.
- Ukuhlala Ezifundeni Ezisentshonalanga AmaSlav Ekukhuleni kwayo ngaphambi kwalowo mfo. Imithombo yasendulo ikhuluma ngomthelela omkhulu ebupristi babo, kamuva ngamandla wonke ezepolitiki.
- Ngokuqondene nesigaba saseMpumalanga, Babenabupristi kuphela, kepha baphazanyiswa ukusungulwa kokholo lobuKristu. Kukholakala ukuthi ama-Eastern Slavs nawo abe nabapristi esikhathini sangaphambi kobuKristu.
Kuliqiniso, kungenzeka ukuthi izinganekwane eziningi, abathakathi kanye nezimpawu zazikhona. Emithonjeni yasendulo yaseRussia, baphatha igama lama-magi, abaholi, abasebenza maligikazi, kuudesniki, bakhula, njalonjalo.
Abantu abanjalo babandakanyeka esigabeni, okungukuthi, baphathwa ngosizo lobuholi, imicikilisho nemithi yemvelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, babesebenzisa umlingo wasekhaya (uthando nohlamvu lwemali). Kwenziwa amasiko ahlukahlukene, ama-potions akhethekile akhiqizwa, ama-taliskans, izintelezi nezinye izinto eziyimfihlakalo. Bazibuza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: ngosizo lwenyoni kanye nesilwane kumemeza, ku-wax, uthini.
Ukuthi ubuKristu buye badukise kanjani ubuqaba
Ukuze ungene esikhundleni sobuhedeni bobuKristu basendulo baseRussia, umbuso we-Byzantine wayenesithakazelo. Wayedingeka, njengoba kukholakala ukuthi noma yimuphi ubuzwe, uthathe ubuKristu kumbusi nenzalamizi, uphendukela okuzenzakalelayo ku-vassal ye-byzantium. Kanye nokugcinwa kobudlelwano phakathi kweRussia neByzantium kwavumela inkolo yobuKristu ukuba inikezwe kancane endaweni yaseRussia.
IziKronike zithi yinkomba uVladimir ekuqaleni wakhetha ubuKristu njengezikholo ngokwakhe, wabe esenquma ukubhabhathiza yonke iRussia. Kusolwa ukuthi induna enezindawo ezizungezile yalalela izithunywa zevangeli ezivela kumahlelo ahlukahlukene: Muslim Bulgarmam, amaJalimane amaJalimane, ama-Khazar amaJuda kanye "nezazi zefilosofi" zaseByzantine-Greek ".
Kukholakala ukuthi ngemuva kwalokho uMbusi uthumela abangane ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zezwe, abanikeze umsebenzi wokuthola ukuthi iyiphi inkolo ezoba ngcono kakhulu. Futhi lezo, zibuya, ziphendule lokho okuhle - vera Greek.
Ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi ukuvunywa kokholo lobuKristu kwakuthonywa kakhulu yilokho okucatshangelwe ngokwezifiso: Kubalulekile ukuthi inkolo entsha izoba nesandla ekuqinisweni kwenkolo nakwezomqondo kwezwe laseKeevil Rus.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwethulwa kweNkosana uVladimir Father Faith eRussia kwakuyindawo yokuqala kuphela kule nqubo. Kamuva, kwahle kwaphuma i-Pagan Worldview, yalibaleka, kwakungelula iminyaka, kodwa amashumishumi eminyaka.
Ngesikhathi sokubusa kweVladimir, ubuKristu bamukele umndeni wakhe kuphela, iqembu. Ingxenye enkulu yabantu yaqhubeka nokunamathela kumaphaneli kuze kube ngekhulu le-11. Yize ngisho nasengxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-12, ngokolwazi oluvela kwi-Chronicle Yasendulo, abantu babesahlanganyela ezenzweni zenkolo zobuqaba.
Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-13, ekutholweni kwemivubukulo, ama-slavs aqhubeka enza amasiko obuqaba. Futhi kubuciko obusetshenzisiwe balezo zikhathi, izimpawu eziningi eziphindwe kangako zilandelwa. Futhi sikhuluma ngamadolobha amakhulu, nasemizaneni nasemizaneni, khona-ke inqubo yokwethula ubuKristu yayihamba kancane.
Abameleli besizukulwane sesithathu kuphela esingabhekwa njengengamaKristu agcwele ngemuva kokusayinwa kweRussia, ababehlala eYaroslav Mudrome.
Futhi yize iziphathimandla zidale ukunqatshelwa okuningi, ubuhedeni baye ntambo engabonakali ye-naughty e-Orthodoxy, yaphakade isesikweni nasemasikweni namasiko aseRussia. Futhi namhlanje, abantu abaningi banamathela ngamaholide e-Slavic endabuko: IMaslenitsa, u-Ivan Kupala, i-shin, uLwesine oluhlanzekile, olukhulu nabanye.
Futhi ngokwengeziwe - manje, emashumini eminyaka edlule, ukuchuma kancane kancane kwesiko leSlavic kwaqala ukubonwa. Kunemiphakathi eminingi ebuyisa amasiko endabuko futhi ulethe wonke umuntu kubo bonke. Bazembula abantu ulwazi, bekulungile kakhulu ekuqothulweni, okusiza ekudaleni impilo yabo ejabulisayo nenempilo futhi ephumelelayo.
Uma ufisa ukuthola imininingwane ethe xaxa ngalesi sihloko, bese ngikucebisa ukuthi ujwayele ividiyo elandelayo: