Ngonyaka wesikole womlando, siyazi ukuthi abahlaseli abavela emazweni ase-Katolika ngaphansi kwamabhanela kaKristu bahlasele kaninginingi eRussia. Kungenzeka kanjani lokhu, akukholelwa yini ukuthi wonke umuntu okholwayo kuMsindisi oyedwa? Lo mbuzo wavuka kakhulu ngemuva kokubuya kwabantu baseRussia ku-Orthodox Faith. Intombi yami ivakashela iVangeli Church futhi imenza ngenze ukuba ngikhuleke. Nginqume ukuthola umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Orthodoxy kusuka kumaProthestani kanye nobuKatolika, ukuxhumana nalo mbuzo kumpristi nemithombo ethembekile. Ku-athikili sizothinta umehluko omkhulu walezi amahlelo ukuze uthole umbono weqiniso nenganekwane.
Hlukanisa isonto elilodwa
Ukuze uqonde umehluko we-Orthodoxy kusuka kumaKatolika kanye naseProthestani, udinga ukwenza uhambo lwengqondo lube khona ekujuleni kwamakhulu eminyaka. Esontweni lesiSikhombisa se-Universal Cathedral ngo-787, kwenzeke isonto elilodwa, elagcina lisungulwe ngo-1054. Kusukela ngalowomzuzu kuqhubeke, izwe lobuKristu lawa emagatsheni amabili azimele - ama-Orthodox noKatolika. Inhloko yeSonto lamaKhatholika yaqhubeka nopapa, nenhloko ye-Orthodoxy - iConstantinople Patriarch.Thola ukuthi yini elindelwe namuhla - i-horoscope yanamuhla kuzo zonke izibonakaliso ze-zodiac
Izicelo eziningi zababhalisile, silungiselele uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-horoscope olunembile lwefoni ephathekayo. Izibikezeli zizofika ukuze uthole uphawu lwe-zodiac njalo ekuseni - akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphuthelwe!
Landa Mahhala: Horoscope for nsuku zonke 2020 (etholakala ku-Android)
Isisekelo sophawu lwezenkolo saqhubeka noJesu Kristu ovusiwe, kanye nokungaboni ngaso linye kwakhathalela ukuqhakambisa kanye nezinkolelo ezithile. Onke amaKhristu (amaKatolika noma ama-Orthodox) akholelwa kuZiqu-zintathu wePostasi, ukuba bube yifa lombuso kaNkulunkulu ezinkombeni zikaJesu nasemhlatshelweni wakhe wokuhlawulela. Naphezu kwe-anathema ehambisanayo yeSonto LamaKatolika Nama-Orthodox, isisekelo sokholo saqhubeka sihlangene kuwo wonke umuntu. Futhi ama-crusade eRussia kwakukhona umphumela we-anathema. Ngo-1965, womabili amahlelo abuyisana futhi analo iqiniso.
Futhi angobani amaProthestani anjalo, avelaphi? Lawa ngamaKatolika abhikisha ngokumelene nezimfundiso zeSonto lamaRoma Katolika. AmaProthestani awahlangene ngalutho no-Orthodoxy. Uma sicabangela ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-lona yesonto lama-Orthodox, khona-ke "amaProthestani" ethu angabizwa ngokuthi abasebenzi asebekhulile abangawulaleli u-Nikon Reform (1650-1660).
Izimiso zobuKatolika
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezimfundiso zeSonto LamaKatolika kusuka kwabanye? Ukwahluka okuphambili kukhona izimfundiso mayelana:
- Ukuqonda kokuqonda kwentombi;
- I-Pershomous Purgatory;
- ukubaluleka kwezihlawulelo zomphefumlo womuntu;
- ukunganakwa kukaPapa ezenzweni zabo;
- Ukuqhubeka kukaPapa okuvela kumphostoli uPawulu;
- ukungafakwanga kwemishado engcwele;
- Izici zokuhlonipha abafel 'ukholo abangcwele.
Omunye umehluko uyimfundiso yezelaptale zomoya ongcwele ovela kuYise neNdodana, ngokuvinjelwa komshado weSan kaMpristi wamukela amanzi ekhanda, ukubhapathizwa kokukhuphuka kwamanzi.
AmaKatolika angahlukaniswa ngokushesha kusuka ku-Orthodox ngokwendlela yokubeka izimpukane: Kusebenza kuze kube sehlombe lokuqala kwesokunxele, bese kulungile. Futhi amaKatolika angenayo akayona ingcosana, kepha ngentende yonke.
Orthodox
Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwendawo yonke, igatsha le-Orthodox lalingaphansi kweConstantinople Patriarch. Kulezi zinsuku, kukhona amasonto ambalwa we-autoche) (ezimele) amasonto ama-Orthodox axazulula imibuzo yawo kumaCathedrals. Isonto lama-Orthodox alihlonishwa yinzalamizi, kodwa uJesu Kristu uqobo.
Abapristi abangama-Orthodox bangangena emshadweni. Ukuvinjelwa kwezibopho zomshado kutholakala kuphela ezindela. Futhi, kuzo zonke izinto ezibhalwe engxenyeni yamaKatolika, ama-Orthodox Canon ahluka kumaKatolika. Ikakhulu, isiko le-Orthodox, ayikho imfundiso ekwakhiweni kukapapa waseRoma.
Umuntu we-Orthodox angahlukaniswa ngokushesha emli kaKholika ngokuzilolonga: ngakwesokunene kwesokunxele iminwe emithathu (pinch). Futhi amakholwa amadala ahlukile ku-Orthodox enamanhloso amabili oxide.
Ubungcele
Bangobani lawo maProthestani futhi kukhona umehluko nobuKristu? Le nkambo yavela ezwenikazi laseYurophu ngekhulu le-16 njengombhikisho ngokumelene nokubuswa okuphelele kweSonto LamaRoma Katolika. Isikhungo esihlanganisiwe esinyakazweni samaProthestani asikho, kule nkambo kunamasonto amaningi anamagama ahlukile. Amasonto okuqala amaProthestani yile:
- Isonto lase-Anglican;
- Isonto lamaLuthere;
- Calvinism.
Kamuva, kwahlukaniswa abanye ukugeleza:
- AmaBaptist;
- abavangeli;
- AmaWeseli;
- Ama-adventist;
- IPentecostal;
- Okunye.
Amanye amaProthestani ahamba aqashelwa njengesonto futhi abhalwa amahlelo - amaMormon, uJehovists. AmaProthestani akwenqaba ngokwezigaba nokukhulekelwa kwezimpawu, okungcwele nokobuhlanga, kepha abheke uZiqu-zintathu kaZimu. AmaProthestani aqiniseka ngokuqinile ukuthi ukusindiswa komphefumlo kuncike ekutholeni uJesu Kristu ngoMsindisi, ngakho-ke umuntu akadingi mlamuli phakathi kwakhe noNkulunkulu.
AmaProthestani awathandazi, emathempelini awazibeki amakhandlela, futhi izingoma zihlabelela ukuhlonipha uJesu Kristu enkonzweni yomkhuleko. Kwamanye amasonto amaProthestani, kuyisiko ukudansa ngaphansi kwama-slavs. Ikakhulu amasonto angabonakali ahlukile, lapho abantu beshaya izandla zabo futhi bedansa kuma-plavs kaJesu. Akumukelwa futhi lapho ukuze afunde umama kaNkulunkulu alingana noNkulunkulu, uthathwa njengowesifazane olula ofayo.
Ukunyakaza kwamaProthestani kuhlukaniswa yindlela yokuphila yezithunywa zevangeli esebenzayo, indlela ekhethekile (ekhethekile) yokuphila kanye nosizo oluhlukile. Imiphakathi ishumayele ukulingana phakathi kwawo wonke amalungu futhi ihlale ndawonye. ISonto Lanamuhla LaseSheshi linamathela ekubumbeni kwakhe emibukeni yakhe, futhi manje sebekhuluma ngokubona ukuphakama kukaPapa waseRopa.
Emasontweni amaProthestani, ama-monastism alahlekile njengento okufanele acatshangelwe. Amakholwa aholela indlela evamile yokuphila, kepha angaphansi kwamashadi esonto lendawo. Izehlukaniso zivunyelwe, kepha ziyancishiswa. Inhloko yomphakathi ngumfundisi, obhekwa njengesampula yokulingisa.
Umehluko phakathi kwamahlelo
Cabanga ngomehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwamahlelo ezibonelweni zokuqhathanisa.
Inhlangano Yangaphakathi Yamasonto
E-Orthodoxy, kunamasonto ambalwa ambalwa esiza esizeni esahlukaniswa ngamanye ama-nuances kuma-rites nasezinhlelweni zezincwadi zezincwadi zezincwadi zezincwadi.
ERussia, wonke amasonto angaphansi kwenzalamizi yeMoscow.
NgobuKatolika, konke kugcina ngegunya likaPapa Roman. Inkululeko ethile inikeze ama-oda aphezulu. I-infilement of upapa yamukelwa cishe kuwo wonke amasonto, ngaphandle kwamasixini wesiko kanye nokuphonsa okudala.
Asikho isikhungo sokuhlela esisodwa ekuhambeni kwamaProthestani. Umphakathi ngamunye ukhona ngokungakhathaleli omunye, uqaphela igunya likaJesu Kristu.
Umshado kanye ne-monastism
E-Orthodoxy, kuthuthukiswa ukunyakaza kwe-monastic, isici esihlukile sayo isifungo sokungaqondakali. Abefundisi abamhlophe (abapristi) bangashada (kanye kuphela).
ESontweni LamaKatolika, bonke abefundisi banikeza isifungo sokungaqondakali, kungakhathalekile ukuthi iposi le-monastic.
UbuProthestani buphika ngokuphelele imali eningi futhi babone isikhungo somshado. Amalungu omphakathi angashada futhi ahlukanise. Ukuchithwa komshado kuvunyelwe, kepha akuyona yonke indawo yamukelekile. Kwamanye amasonto, imishado ephindaphindwayo ayivunyelwe.
Igunya
Ekholweni lobu-Orthodox, uJesu Kristu kanye neVangeli eNjlibusi lihlonishwa yigunya eliphakeme kakhulu. Imibuzo ephuthumayo ka-Orthodoxy ixazululwa eKhathedrali le-Universal ngamavoti amaningi.
NgobuKatolika, umbono woPapa wamaRoma nesikhundla sawo maqondana nezinkinga ezingokomoya kubhekwa njengegunya eliphakeme kakhulu. Igunya leSt. Umbhalo njengoba isisekelo senkolo siyaqashelwa. Imibuzo yamaKatolika, inquma ama-cathedrals awo we-Universal.
KubuProthestani, igunya eliphakeme kunawo wonke libhekwa njengeVangeli. Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokuchazwa kweVangeli ziningi kangangokuba ikholwa alikwazi ukukwazi ukuhamba ngombono owodwa. Emphakathini ngamunye, kunokubheka ezincwadini zabaphostoli, ezibhekwa njengeqiniso.
Imfundiso YoMariya Oyingcwele
Esontweni lama-Orthodox, intombi ibhekwa njenge-soneless, ngoba yayingenasono sokuqala. U-Orthodox futhi uyakuqinisekisa ukuthi ngemuva kokucatshangwa kweNtombi Enyulu uMariya wayiswa ezulwini.
AmaKatolika asekela inkolelo ye-Orthodox ekulweni kweNtombi Enyulu uMariya. Kwakungenasono.
Emasontweni amaProthestani, umama kaKristu uthathwa njengowesifazane ojwayelekile, eyisibonelo sobungcwele nokuziphatha okulungile.
I-Dogmat mayelana nokuhlanza okuhlanzekile
Esontweni lama-Orthodox, kunenja ye-NAITARIA, okungukuthi, ukuhlolwa okuthe xaxa komphefumlo.
ESontweni LamaKatolika, bakhuluma nge-purgatory, egijimisa yonke imiphefumulo ukuze ihlanze ezonweni.
Amasonto amaProthestani awenqaba imiphefumulo nehlazo.
Amasakramente esonto
ESontweni Lama-Orthodox NamaKatolika, ama-saksaramente esonto ayi-7 ayabona:
- Ubhapathizo;
- ukuphenduka;
- E-Eucharistist;
- Umshado;
- I-MiropomaManing;
- Ukubuyisana;
- Ubupristi.
Emasontweni amaProthestani, amasakramente amabili kuphela aqaphela - ubhapathizo kanye nenhlanganyelo (ekwarist).
Isakramente Lokubhapathizwa
ESontweni lama-Orthodox naseKhathoni, abalimi bezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Esontweni lamaProthestani, ubhapathizo luthatha, njengomthetho, ekwazini. Ukucwiliswa emanzini emiphakathini yamaProthestani akudingekile. Uma babhaphathizwa ngamanzi, khona-ke emfuleni.
Imfihlakalo Yenhlanganyelo
Emasontweni ama-Orthodox, isinkwa semvubelo newayini lewayini liyahlolwa. Lokhu kusebenza kubo bobabili abefundisi nomhlambi.
Emakhokheni amaKatolika anqunywe yisinkwa se-badgery. Abefundisi bakhanyisa isinkwa newayini, umhlambi - isinkwa kuphela.
Emasontweni amaProthestani akukho ukuguqulwa okukodwa kwenhlanganyelo, konke kuncike kuMkhandlu Womphakathi.
Ukuvuma izono
Esontweni lama-Orthodox, athi ngezono ngaphambi kwenhlanganyelo ngayinye, ukuvuma izono kuthatha umpristi. Ukuphenduka kungakhiqizwa ngaphandle kwenhlanganyelo.
Ekholweni lamaKatolika, ukuvuma kungenzeka kube ngaphandle kobukhona bompristi, kanye nokuba khona kwakhe - ngentando yakhe.
Emasontweni amaProthestani, akukho mementiation phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nomuntu ongaboni, ngakho-ke ungaphenduka ezonweni ngaphandle koFakazi.
Uhlobo lokukhulekelwa
Emasontweni ama-Orthodox, inkonzo yesiko yenziwa isampula lase-East (Byzantine). Akukho ukuhambisana komculo ngesikhathi senkonzo, abesifazane nabesilisa babamba iqhaza ekwayeni.
ESontweni LamaKatolika lokukhulekelwa (isisindo), zenziwa ngesiLatini noma ngephethini elisempumalanga. Ezithunywa kudlala umculo we-organ, abafana kuphela ababamba iqhaza ekwayeni (abesilisa).
Emasontweni anamuhla amaProthestani, ukukhulekelwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kwengxenye, iningi lezintshumayelo kanye nokukhazinyuliswa uNkulunkulu. Kukhona ukucula kwe-choral kanye nokuhambisana nezinsimbi zomculo ezahlukahlukene, kuze kufike ekufakweni kwesimanjemanje. Ngesikhathi sokukhazinyuli, amakholwa angadansa ashaye phansi izandla.
Izithonjana zeWest
Esontweni lama-Orthodox, ukukhulekelwa kwezithonjana nokuhlonipha isiphambano (i-Crucifix) kuyathuthukiswa. Amakholwa aphendukela ngqo kusithonjana ngomkhuleko wokholo.
Ukubethelwa kanye nezimpawu kuhlonishwa eSontweni LamaKatolika. Kepha ngesikhathi somkhuleko esithonjeni, azikhangi, kepha zime kuphela phambi kwalo.
Emasontweni amaProthestani, isiphambano kuphela ngaphandle kokubethelwa. Azikho izithonjana kanye nemifanekiso, kubhekwa njengokukhonza izithombe.
Ukususa abaNgcwele futhi kufile
ESontweni lama-Orthodox naseKhathoni, ukuhlonipha abangcwele. Kuyinto eyisiko futhi ukuthandazela abafileyo.
Emasontweni amaProthestani, inkolo yabafileyo iyanqatshwa, abangcwele abahlonishwa.
Amasonto Ebuyisana
Ubutha obuhlukahlukene nobulandelayo phakathi kwamahlelo obuKristu baqedwa e-Vatican Cathedral yesibili ngo-1965. Kuleli phuzu, iSonto lamaRoma Katolika labona udadewabo amthandayo e-Orthodoxy, nokunyakaza kwamaProthestani okubizwa ngokuthi yiNhlangano yobuKristu. Kwakuthuthuka kakhulu phakathi kwamaKristu omhlaba, njengoba wonke amahlelo nokunyakaza kwamukelwa ngokusemthethweni njengeqiniso futhi emukele.
Amakhulu eminyaka aphethwe nguFeditale, i-Anahema yasuswa, nawo wonke umhlaba wobuKristu ngokukhululeka emmongisweni wezitha. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-Orthodoxy noKatolika aqhubeka nokubheka izimfundiso zawo ngokuphela kwenzondo elungile, evulekile phakathi kwabo lapho. Namuhla, akekho ophishekela amaProthestani nabakholwayo abadala, ebabheka ngababili kanye namaqembu. Uthando nemvume kwakubuswa emhlabeni, njengoba kukhishwe ngabo bonke abalandeli bakhe uJesu Kristu.