Kupala (Ivanov Day kapena Ivan Kupala) - Tchuthi chakale, mwamwambo kugwera patsiku lachilimwe, lophiphiritsa ". Zakhala ndi tanthauzo lapadera lopatulika - limakhulupirira kuti iyi ndi nthawi yamatsenga pomwe zochita zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuchitika.
Lero ndikuganiza kuti ndizikambirana ziti ku Ivan Kupala zidachitika ku Russia komanso, kodi ndi gawo liti la tsiku la Ivanov?
Mbiri Yakale
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Anthu omwe amadziwika kuti ndi matsenga a tsiku ndi tsiku kuyambira nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti ndi tsiku la chilimwe lomwe ndi imodzi mwa zikondwerero zakale kwambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, nthumwi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dziko lapansi zidakondwerera tsiku la zosungunulira, koma mtundu uliwonse udali ndi mawonekedwe awo.
Mbali yonse yokhayo ili nthawi zambiri chochitika chofunikira chimakhala tsiku lalitali kwambiri chilimwe. Ngati timalankhula za kumpoto kwa Northerther, izi zimachitika pano mu nthawi ya 21 mpaka 24 June. Apa ndi pomwe ma slav adakondwerera ndi zabwino mpaka Chikristu zidafika kumayiko aku Russia.
Ndi kufalikira kwa chipembedzo chatsopano cha kontrakitala kwa Europe, kutha kwa miyambo yambiri yamitundu yambiri inayamba. Komabe, chizolowezi cha nthawi yotentha chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu kuti amapulumutsidwa kwazaka zambiri. Lolani ndi kusinthana kale - kale pa njira yachikhristu.
Masiku ano, usiku wogona amakondwerera ndi a Slavs (Okraineans, Akrisi, Ruslausans, mitengo, ndi otero. Ndipo mafinya pano ndipo pali tchuthi chovomerezeka pamalo aboma.
Miyambo ku Ivana Kupala ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi mayiko onse: miyambo ndi moto ndi madzi zimachitidwa. Pafupifupi paliponse usiku waufupi kwambiri wa chaka, moto waukulu umawotchedwa, anthu omwe ali pachikhalidwe amasamba mwachilengedwe kapena kupita kukasamba. Zochita zomwe zalembedwazo zili ndi mawu ophiphiritsa - amakhulupirira kuti amayeretsa mzimu wa munthu.
Ngati mutenga Germany ndi Sweden, kuno ku Ivanov tsiku lomwe m'boma limakhazikitsidwa ndi mtengo, womwe umapangitsa kupambana kwa chabwino pa zoipa. Ndizachilendo kuti ngakhale Anazi sananyalanyaze kupambana! Iwo anali ndi tchuthi chambiri sichinali chachikulu kwambiri kuposa cha ma slav.
Tsiku la tchuthi
M'dziko lamakono, a Ivan Kupala accounts a Julayi 6-7. Madeti oterowo amachitika chifukwa cha chikhristu pa miyambo yakale. Koma kumbukirani kuti ma slav nthawi zonse amakondwerera Topala usiku nthawi yoyambira pa Juni 21 mpaka 24.
Zizindikiro za Tsiku la Bukulo
Tchuthi cha Kupali chidapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi munthu ndi dziko lauzimu. Kuyambira kale, anali wokondweretsedwa kwambiri ndi achinyamata omwe adakonzedwa. Mfundo zawo zinachitika chifukwa cha nthawi yachilimwe, ndipo tsiku lotsatira lidatha m'mawa, dzuwa likakwaniritsidwa.
Ndani Kupala (Gulani) . A Slavs, amachita monga mulungu wa Yari yapamwamba kwambiri ya dzuwa, amalumikizidwa ndi dzuwa la chilimwe, vertex ndi kulumikizana kwa zinthu zotsutsana. Amakonda kukonda kwambiri mawonetseredwe, amachita ngati oteteza maanja. Zogwirizana ndi zigawo zamadzi ndi moto.
Popeza tchuthi chimagwera tsiku la zosungunulira chilimwe, amawerengera mophiphiritsa ndi kubadwa kwa chisangalalo. Amatsirizidwa ndi nthawi ya bolodi kumlengalenga dzuwa litadutsa. Munthawi imeneyi, luminaire imafika kwambiri tsiku lino litakhala lalitali kwambiri, ndipo usiku ndikofupi kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi kutentha ndikupeza chomera ndi chinyama, chomwe chimapereka moyo ndi chonde.
Zosangalatsa! Dzina lina laumulungu lasankhidwa.
Musanagule, ndichizolowezi kuchititsa miyambo yopatulika kwambiri yomwe purctrior imafunikira. Ndipo chilimwe Kupalsalkaya usiku, Umulungu wa dzuwa amapereka dalitso
Patsiku la nthawi yotentha yotentha, mayiyo amadzazidwa ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imapatsa ana ake anthu. Khalani machiritso ndi madzi opatsa moyo ndi moto. Kupaskaya Rosa amapeza nyonga zachinsinsi, ndipo a Slav adasonkhanitsa zitsamba pogula ndikuwasungitsa: Amakondanso zoneneka, adawagwiritsa ntchito pochiritsa odwala.
Zosangalatsa! Akapolo amakhulupirira kuti tsiku lodziwika linali kupezeka kwa zipata zakuthambo, chifukwa chomwe mapemphelo aliri amafikira milungu.
Tchuthi cha Kupali - ndi nthawi yabwino yoyambira nkhani yatsopano, yofunika, chifukwa nthawi yotentha Mulungu mwiniyo amakukhwima, ufulu.
Usiku uno, kusamalira kwaumulungu kudzera pa Vorun amayatsa maluwa. Ndiye amene amatumizidwa kukafunafuna achinyamata, chifukwa amene amapeza mtundu wa fern, akuyembekezera chisangalalo chachikulu. Maluwa amapereka mwayi wopeza chuma chilichonse, kulikonse komwe anga (ngakhale pano, m'malo mwake, timalankhula za tanthauzo lophiphiritsa: amatanthauza chuma chamkati).
Zosangalatsa! Amakhulupirira kuti ngati juppskaya usiku wina ndi mnyamata wina atanyamula mikono ndikulumpha pamoto wopatulikawo, tsopano ali pachibwenzi. Komanso pankhaniyi, banja lawo lidzakhala losangalala kwambiri.
Kuchokera kwa ochita zikuluzikulu a zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndizoyenera kudziwitsa:
- Mulungu jula (kukwatira) wamwamuna, dzuwa.
- Mulungu wamvula (wolumikizidwa ndi wamkazi, madzi kuyamba).
Awiri onsewa amasankha anyamata ndi atsikana, motero, mwina angapangitse iwo kukhala mawonekedwe. Mphamvu za amuna ndi akazi a mboni zomveka ndi zatsopano, ndipo chikondwerero chake chimayimiridwa ndi mpweya wabwino (wotchedwa Kuppice).
Ivan anayamba kumenyedwa: miyambo
Kuyamba kwa tchuthi kumagwera madzulo a dzuwa la chilimwe. Maziko a chikondwererochi ndi moto wopatulika. Kuzungulira pa Iye ndipo machitidwe onse adzachitika. Lawi la lawi ndi chizindikiro cha dzuwa ngati mluza pakati. Ndikofunikira kuti ayaka usiku wonse - kuyambira dzuwa litalowa m'dzulo la dzuwa mu lono la Mayi padziko lapansi, ndi patsogolo pa nthawi yokwanira.
Asanafike pamoto, achinyamata 4 amatenga mizu m'manja ndikukhala lalikulu, kuzungulira nthambi. Ndi zophiphiritsa zomwe zikutanthauza 4 dzuwa (kapena nyengo 4 za chaka). Kenako lawi limasudzulidwa.
Atsikana usiku uno pali mwayi wotchuka wotchuka pa wopansidwa. Chodziwika kwambiri - nkhatatis imathamangira kumadzi, ndipo ntchito ya anyamata ndikuwapeza. Wreat imayimira chisangalalo ndikutha kwa maukwati.
Mnyamatayo akapeza nkhandwe ya mtsikana wina (womvera chisoni), amamupsompsona ndipo amalumpha ndi phwi la hiaul (nthawi zambiri kusankha kumagwirizana ndi Eva). Ngati awiriwo adalumpha katatu pamoto - umawonedwa kuti wachita chibwenzi ndipo posakhalitsa achinyamatayo ayenera kukhala wokwatiwa.
Koma pali zikhulupiriro zina:
- Ngati, kudumpha, okonda satsegula zala zanu - ndiye ukwati ndi ndendende;
- Chiwerengero chachikulu cha zotupa zochokera kumoto - chimawonedwa ngati chizindikiro chabwino;
- Ngati zotsekemera sikokwanira - zovuta zidzayamba pakukonzekera chikondwererochi;
- Ngati mnyamatayo ndi mtsikana akulumpha udleza ukwati - ukwati sudzatsimikizika.
Koma mutha kudumphira kudzera pamoto osati maanja okha: aliyense akhoza kuzichita, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti lawi limachotsa pa chosalimbikitsa. Ndipo apa mukufuna kutchulanso zizindikiro zotchuka zoterezi:
- Mnyamatayo amene adzalume pamwamba pa ena - adzapatsa banja lake labwino;
- Ndipo ngati lacquer adalowa mumoto - mwatsoka.
Zosangalatsa! Pamoto, mutha kuwotcha zovala zanu zomwe mudachotsa matenda aliwonse, kuti muchepetse mavuto.
Kuphatikiza apo, dzuwa lamoto lamadzi lamoto (likuyimira chilimwe) ndi phiri usiku. Itha kukonkhedwa pa positi yomwe ili pansi pa chidwi cha unyinji. Nthawi yosangalatsa idzatha, kukondwerera makandulo (kuyimilira m'mabasiketi owala) kuchokera ku lawi ndikupita kumalo osungirako apafupi. Kumeneku nkhata zimakhazikika m'madzi ndikukumbukira kwa makolo abodza.
Pambuyo pake, chakudya chamadzulo cha chikondwerero chizikhala, chomwe matendawa amafunikira, mapemphero amatchedwa dzuwa lotentha. Ndani amene ali ndi chikhumbo, amapita kunkhalango kukafunafuna utoto wachangu, nthawi zambiri samachitidwa moyo, koma awiriawiri. M'mawa, m'mawa kutacha, kukondwerera pa sprocket yamadzi, kupeza mphamvu zochiritsa. Imayeretsedwa ndi munthu wapadera (mu chikhalidwe cha slavic amatchedwa kuti kutsogolera).
Ndiye chilichonse ndikukwera phirilo - kukakumana ndi dzuwa. Pali mapemphero othokoza a Luminaaries tsiku ndi tsiku ndi dazigoga, adapempha kuti atumize zokolola zabwino chaka chino. M'mawa zitsamba zimasonkhanitsidwa m'munda ndi nkhalango, zomwe zimakololedwa mtsogolo. Nthawi yomweyo, zikhumbo zofunika kwambiri ziyenera kukhala ndi pakati - chilengedwechi chimathandizira kuti awophedwe!
Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe miyambo pa Ivan Kupala ku Russia adachitikira ndi makolo athu. Pomaliza, asakatule vidiyoyo pamutu: